Contiki调度程序的正式规范、验证和修复

IF 2 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI:10.1145/3605948
Hassan Mousavi, Ali Ebnenasir, E. Mahmoudzadeh
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文提出了一种用于物联网(IoT)的事件驱动轻量级操作系统Contiki调度器的模型提取、形式化规范、验证和修复方法。我们首先推导了调度器操作模式的基于状态机的抽象,以及调度器最重要功能的控制流抽象。然后,我们使用一组转换规则来正式指定Promela中的调度器及其所有内部函数。关于本文的会议版本的其他贡献包括:(1)使用一种适用于SPIN中模型检查的新技术,在调度器的Promela模型中建模嵌套函数调用;(2) 在Promela中建模原线程;(3) 规定并正式验证调度器的十二个关键需求;(4) 首次在Contiki的调度器中检测到新的设计缺陷(据我们所知);(5) 修复Contiki调度器的模型和源代码,以修复通过验证检测到的缺陷,以及对调度器的整个模型进行回归验证,以及(6)实验分析修复前后验证的时间和空间成本。所提出的Contiki调度器的正式模型以及新颖的建模技术增强了我们对Contiki最关键组件的了解,并为网络物理系统(CPS)和物联网中使用的其他事件驱动操作系统的正式规范和验证提供了可重用的方法。
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Formal Specification, Verification and Repair of Contiki’s Scheduler
This paper presents an approach for model extraction, formal specification, verification and repair of the scheduler of Contiki, which is an event-driven lightweight Operating System for the Internet of Things (IoT). We first derive a state machine-based abstraction of the scheduler’s modes of operation along with the control flow abstractions of the scheduler’s most important functions. We then use a set of transformation rules to formally specify the scheduler and all its internal functions in Promela. Additional contributions with respect to the conference version of this article include (1) modeling nested function calls in the Promela model of the scheduler using a novel technique amenable to model checking in SPIN; (2) modeling protothreads in Promela; (3) specifying and formally verifying twelve critical requirements of the scheduler; (4) detecting new design flaws in Contiki’s scheduler, for the first time (to the best of our knowledge); (5) repairing the model and the source code of Contiki’s scheduler towards fixing the flaws detected through verification, as well as regression verification of the entire model of the scheduler, and (6) experimentally analyzing the time and space costs of verification before and after repair. The proposed formal model of Contiki’s scheduler along with novel modeling techniques enhance our knowledge regarding the most critical components of Contiki, and provide reusable methods for formal specification and verification of other event-driven operating systems used in Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) and IoT.
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来源期刊
ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems
ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS-
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
40
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