From Lustre to Simulink

Model-based design is now unavoidable when building embedded systems and, more specifically, controllers. Among the available model languages, the synchronous dataflow paradigm, as implemented in languages such as MATLAB Simulink or ANSYS SCADE, has become predominant in critical embedded system industries. Both of these frameworks are used to design the controller itself but also provide code generation means, enabling faster deployment to target and easier V&V activities performed earlier in the design process, at the model level. Synchronous models also ease the definition of formal specification through the use of synchronous observers, attaching requirements to the model in the very same language, mastered by engineers and tooled with simulation means or code generation. However, few works address the automatic synthesis of MATLAB Simulink annotations from lower-level models or code. This article presents a compilation process from Lustre models to genuine MATLAB Simulink, without the need to rely on external C functions or MATLAB functions. This translation is based on the modular compilation of Lustre to imperative code and preserves the hierarchy of the input Lustre model within the generated Simulink one. We implemented the approach and used it to validate a compilation toolchain, mapping Simulink to Lustre and then C, thanks to equivalence testing and checking. This backward compilation from Lustre to Simulink also provides the ability to produce automatically Simulink components modeling specification, proof arguments, or test cases coverage criteria.