墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州莱拉市栽培龙舌兰韦伯品种azul(天门冬科)的形态特征

Alejandra Vázquez-Acosta, Jacinto Treviño-Carreón, B. Estrada-Drouaillet, Martha Lucrecia García-Alanis, María Concepción Herrera-Monsiváis, Virginia Vargas Tristán
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引用次数: 2

摘要

蓝色龙舌兰(龙舌兰韦伯变种azul)是一种广泛用于生产龙舌兰的物种。出于这个原因,在过去的十年里,已经为其种植建立了大片的地形。然而,这片土地的大部分在短时间内就被遗弃了,因为一开始还不知道龙舌兰至少需要六年才能收割。然而,当种植者想将其中一些作物重新纳入生产过程时,他们的确切年龄和收获龙舌兰所需的文化活动都是未知的,因为缺乏关于龙舌兰相对于年龄的营养发育的信息。本工作的假设是:如果形态特征反映了种群个体的发育状态,那么特征高度、基部面积、玫瑰花结直径、北、南、东、西叶片、叶片数量和叶垂直度将有助于表征龙舌兰Weber品种天青种群在栽培条件下的年龄类别。为此,在墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州莱拉市选择了六块不同年龄(一到六年)的植物地。在每个小区中,随机选择60个个体,测量其形态特征(高度、基部面积、玫瑰花结直径、北叶、南叶、东叶、西叶;叶数和叶轮生)。利用这些数据,进行了主成分分析,以确定这些特性中的哪一个解释了数据的最大变化。结果表明,高度和基部面积是与植物年龄关系最密切的特性。它还首次证明,收获时间可以缩短一到两年,这在经济上有利于生产者,因为它可以节省生产成本。
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Morphological Characterization of Agave tequilana Weber Variety azul (Asparagaceae) under Cultivation in the Municipality of Llera, Tamaulipas, Mexico
The blue agave (Agave tequilana Weber variety azul) is a species that is widely used to produce tequila. For this reason, in the last decade, large extensions of terrain have been established for its cultivation. However, much of this land has been abandoned in a short time because at the beginning it was not known that at least six years were needed before the agave could be harvested. However, when the growers wanted to reintegrate some of these crops into the productive process, their exact age and the cultural activities needed for harvesting the agave were unknown because information regarding its vegetative development relative to its age was lacking. The hypothesis of this work was: If the morphological properties reflect the development state of the population individuals, then the properties height, basal area, rosette diameter, the north, south, east and west leaf, leaves number and foliar verticil will help to characterize the age categories in Agave tequilana Weber variety azul population under cultivated conditions. To this end, six plots with plants of different ages (one to six years) were selected in the municipality of Llera, Tamaulipas, Mexico. In each plot, 60 individuals were selected at random, and their morphological properties (height, basal area, rosette diameter, northern leaf, southern leaf, eastern leaf, western leaf; number of leaves and leaf whorl) were measured. With these data, a principal component analysis was performed to determine which of these properties explains the most variation of the data. The results indicate that height and basal area are the properties that are most closely associated with plant age. It is also for the first time demonstrated that harvest time can be reduced by one or two years, which favors producers economically because it could generate savings in production costs.
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