当代社会学理论的新转折:布迪厄、阿彻、卢曼

Aldo Mascareño
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文认为,在当代社会学理论中,有可能认识到一套以社会的生成机制为其理论体系中心的操作理论。对于这些理论来说,操作的概念在描述社会的出现中起着关键作用,而结构的概念则是一种有限的、反射性的装置,它告诉操作关于社会动态的偶然可能性。本文认为,皮埃尔·布迪厄的实践逻辑、玛格丽特·阿彻的代理与结构之间的时间错位以及互动的中介作用,以及尼古拉斯·卢曼的传播作为三重选择事件的概念,代表了对社会涌现的操作性解释的备选方案。结语部分考察了操作理论的特征,以期对社会科学的基本概念,如时间、空间、微观/宏观的区别以及规范在社会学理论化中的地位等,得出理论结论。
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Esse sequitur operari, o el nuevo giro de la teoría sociológica contemporánea: Bourdieu, Archer, Luhmann
The article argues that in contemporary sociological theory it is possible to recognize a set of operational theories for which the generative mechanism of the social lies at the center of their theoretical architecture. For these theories, the concept of operation plays a pivotal role in describing the emergence of society, while the concept of structure functions as a limitative, reflexive device that informs the operation about the contingent possibilities of social dynamics. The article contends that Pierre Bourdieu’s logic of practice, Margaret Archer’s temporal dislocation between agency and structure as well as the intermediary role of interaction, and Niklas Luhmann’s concept of communication as a threefold selection event represent alternative options in operatively explaining social emergence. Conclusions examine the features of operational theories with a view to drawing the theoretical consequences for basic concepts of social sciences such as time, space, the distinction micro/macro, and the position of norms in sociological theorizing.
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期刊介绍: The Journal Revista Mad - Universidad de Chile (www.revistamad.uchile.cl) is a biannual electronic publication sponsored by the Master in Systemic Analysis Applied to Society, belonging to the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Chile. The journal Revista Mad publishes original scientific papers in the field of social sciences, research advances, essays, book reviews and translations, in which theoretical perspectives and empirical approaches related to social systems theory and social constructivism, are applied. However, other theoretical perspectives, which contribute to Latin American social sciences, are also accepted.
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