{"title":"从地方自治到国土:反恐作为一种生活方式","authors":"Alex Lubin","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0036","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"he US War on Terror reached its twentieth anniversary while I was teaching an Introduction to African American Studies course, a coincidence that inspired a historical comparison of racial terror, minority rule, and state violence across time. More specifically, on September 11, 2021, my students and I discussed W. E. B. Du Bois’s essay “The Propaganda of History,” from his 1935 masterpiece, Black Reconstruction in America . Du Bois discusses how Reconstruction—the unprecedented opportunity for the United States to realize a vision of abolition democracy following enslavement and Civil War—was viewed as a failure by many US historians. A consensus developed—propaganda—within the historical profession that Reconstruction failed because it was imposed against the will of the former Confederate states by carpetbaggers, scalawags, and radical abolitionists and because the freedmen, when they achieved political power, were incompetent and corrupt. This consensus understood Jim Crow segregation, supported in law and by white vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan, as restoring order to the nation while enabling continued white supremacist power as a governing rubric. As my students and I considered how the Reconstruction amendments to the US Constitution helped realize and guarantee abolition democracy, and how Jim Crow limited those possibilities, we noted that the forces of white supremacy, including the Ku Klux Klan and so-called Red Shirts, constituted a sort of insurgency and that terrorism had undermined Reconstruction’s promise. 1","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"556 - 562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"From Home Rule to Homeland: Counterterrorism as a Way of Life\",\"authors\":\"Alex Lubin\",\"doi\":\"10.1353/aq.2022.0036\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"he US War on Terror reached its twentieth anniversary while I was teaching an Introduction to African American Studies course, a coincidence that inspired a historical comparison of racial terror, minority rule, and state violence across time. More specifically, on September 11, 2021, my students and I discussed W. E. B. Du Bois’s essay “The Propaganda of History,” from his 1935 masterpiece, Black Reconstruction in America . Du Bois discusses how Reconstruction—the unprecedented opportunity for the United States to realize a vision of abolition democracy following enslavement and Civil War—was viewed as a failure by many US historians. A consensus developed—propaganda—within the historical profession that Reconstruction failed because it was imposed against the will of the former Confederate states by carpetbaggers, scalawags, and radical abolitionists and because the freedmen, when they achieved political power, were incompetent and corrupt. This consensus understood Jim Crow segregation, supported in law and by white vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan, as restoring order to the nation while enabling continued white supremacist power as a governing rubric. As my students and I considered how the Reconstruction amendments to the US Constitution helped realize and guarantee abolition democracy, and how Jim Crow limited those possibilities, we noted that the forces of white supremacy, including the Ku Klux Klan and so-called Red Shirts, constituted a sort of insurgency and that terrorism had undermined Reconstruction’s promise. 1\",\"PeriodicalId\":51543,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"AMERICAN QUARTERLY\",\"volume\":\"74 1\",\"pages\":\"556 - 562\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"AMERICAN QUARTERLY\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0036\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0036","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
美国反恐战争二十周年之际,我正在教授一门非裔美国人研究导论课程,这一巧合激发了对种族恐怖、少数民族统治和国家暴力的历史比较。更具体地说,2021年9月11日,我和学生们讨论了w·e·b·杜波依斯(W. E. B. Du Bois)的文章《历史的宣传》(The Propaganda of History),这篇文章出自他1935年的代表作《美国黑人重建》(Black Reconstruction in America)。杜波依斯讨论了重建是如何被许多美国历史学家视为失败的,重建是美国在奴隶制和内战之后实现废除民主愿景的前所未有的机会。历史学界形成了一种共识——宣传——认为重建之所以失败,是因为它是由冒险家、无赖和激进的废奴主义者违背了前邦联各州的意愿强加的,而且当自由民获得政治权力时,他们是无能和腐败的。这种共识认为,在法律和3k党(Ku Klux Klan)等白人治安维持团体的支持下,吉姆·克劳(Jim Crow)种族隔离制度在恢复国家秩序的同时,让白人至上主义者的权力得以继续作为统治准则。当我和我的学生思考美国宪法的重建修正案如何帮助实现和保证废除民主,以及吉姆·克劳如何限制这些可能性时,我们注意到白人至上的力量,包括三k党和所谓的红衫军,构成了一种叛乱,恐怖主义破坏了重建的承诺。1
From Home Rule to Homeland: Counterterrorism as a Way of Life
he US War on Terror reached its twentieth anniversary while I was teaching an Introduction to African American Studies course, a coincidence that inspired a historical comparison of racial terror, minority rule, and state violence across time. More specifically, on September 11, 2021, my students and I discussed W. E. B. Du Bois’s essay “The Propaganda of History,” from his 1935 masterpiece, Black Reconstruction in America . Du Bois discusses how Reconstruction—the unprecedented opportunity for the United States to realize a vision of abolition democracy following enslavement and Civil War—was viewed as a failure by many US historians. A consensus developed—propaganda—within the historical profession that Reconstruction failed because it was imposed against the will of the former Confederate states by carpetbaggers, scalawags, and radical abolitionists and because the freedmen, when they achieved political power, were incompetent and corrupt. This consensus understood Jim Crow segregation, supported in law and by white vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan, as restoring order to the nation while enabling continued white supremacist power as a governing rubric. As my students and I considered how the Reconstruction amendments to the US Constitution helped realize and guarantee abolition democracy, and how Jim Crow limited those possibilities, we noted that the forces of white supremacy, including the Ku Klux Klan and so-called Red Shirts, constituted a sort of insurgency and that terrorism had undermined Reconstruction’s promise. 1
期刊介绍:
American Quarterly represents innovative interdisciplinary scholarship that engages with key issues in American Studies. The journal publishes essays that examine American societies and cultures, past and present, in global and local contexts. This includes work that contributes to our understanding of the United States in its diversity, its relations with its hemispheric neighbors, and its impact on world politics and culture. Through the publication of reviews of books, exhibitions, and diverse media, the journal seeks to make available the broad range of emergent approaches to American Studies.