正熵意味着任何无限序列上的混沌

Wen Huang, Jian Li, X. Ye
{"title":"正熵意味着任何无限序列上的混沌","authors":"Wen Huang, Jian Li, X. Ye","doi":"10.1090/mosc/315","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Let <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">G</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> be an infinite countable discrete amenable group. For any <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">G</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-action on a compact metric space <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"left-parenthesis upper X comma rho right-parenthesis\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>X</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">(X,\\rho )</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, it turns out that if the action has positive topological entropy, then for any sequence <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"left-brace s Subscript i Baseline right-brace Subscript i equals 1 Superscript plus normal infinity\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">{</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">}</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msubsup>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\{s_i\\}_{i=1}^{+\\infty }</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> with pairwise distinct elements in <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">G</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> there exists a Cantor subset <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper X\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>X</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">X</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> which is Li–Yorke chaotic along this sequence, that is, for any two distinct points <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"x comma y element-of upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">x,y\\in K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, one has <disp-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n\\[\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"limit sup rho left-parenthesis s Subscript i Baseline x comma s Subscript i Baseline y right-parenthesis greater-than 0 and limit inf rho left-parenthesis s Subscript i Baseline x comma s Subscript i Baseline y right-parenthesis equals 0 period\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:munder>\n <mml:mo movablelimits=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">lim sup</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">→<!-- → --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:munder>\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext>\n <mml:mtext>and</mml:mtext>\n <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext>\n <mml:munder>\n <mml:mo movablelimits=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">lim inf</mml:mo>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">→<!-- → --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:munder>\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0.</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">\\limsup _{i\\to +\\infty }\\rho (s_i x,s_iy)>0\\ \\text {and}\\ \\liminf _{i\\to +\\infty }\\rho (s_ix,s_iy)=0.</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n\\]\n</disp-formula></p>","PeriodicalId":37924,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Positive entropy implies chaos along any infinite sequence\",\"authors\":\"Wen Huang, Jian Li, X. Ye\",\"doi\":\"10.1090/mosc/315\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Let <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper G\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">G</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> be an infinite countable discrete amenable group. For any <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper G\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">G</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-action on a compact metric space <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"left-parenthesis upper X comma rho right-parenthesis\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>X</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</mml:mo>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">(X,\\\\rho )</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, it turns out that if the action has positive topological entropy, then for any sequence <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"left-brace s Subscript i Baseline right-brace Subscript i equals 1 Superscript plus normal infinity\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">{</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:msubsup>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">}</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:msubsup>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">\\\\{s_i\\\\}_{i=1}^{+\\\\infty }</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> with pairwise distinct elements in <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper G\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>G</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">G</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> there exists a Cantor subset <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper X\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>X</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">X</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> which is Li–Yorke chaotic along this sequence, that is, for any two distinct points <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"x comma y element-of upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">x,y\\\\in K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, one has <disp-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n\\\\[\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"limit sup rho left-parenthesis s Subscript i Baseline x comma s Subscript i Baseline y right-parenthesis greater-than 0 and limit inf rho left-parenthesis s Subscript i Baseline x comma s Subscript i Baseline y right-parenthesis equals 0 period\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:munder>\\n <mml:mo movablelimits=\\\"true\\\" form=\\\"prefix\\\">lim sup</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">→<!-- → --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:munder>\\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo>></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext>\\n <mml:mtext>and</mml:mtext>\\n <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext>\\n <mml:munder>\\n <mml:mo movablelimits=\\\"true\\\" form=\\\"prefix\\\">lim inf</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">→<!-- → --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">∞<!-- ∞ --></mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:munder>\\n <mml:mi>ρ<!-- ρ --></mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>s</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>i</mml:mi>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mi>y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0.</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">\\\\limsup _{i\\\\to +\\\\infty }\\\\rho (s_i x,s_iy)>0\\\\ \\\\text {and}\\\\ \\\\liminf _{i\\\\to +\\\\infty }\\\\rho (s_ix,s_iy)=0.</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n\\\\]\\n</disp-formula></p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":37924,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-06-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1090/mosc/315\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Mathematics\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1090/mosc/315","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Mathematics","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4

摘要

设G G是一个无限可数离散服从群。对于紧度量空间(X,ρ)(X,\rho)上的任何G-作用,证明了如果作用具有正拓扑熵,则对于G G中具有成对不同元素的任何序列{s i}i=1+∞\{s_ i}_,对于任意两个不同的点x,y∈Kx,y\在K中,有\[lim 苏皮→ + ∞ ρ(s i x,s i y)>0和lim infi→ + ∞ ρ(s i x,s i y)=0。\limsup _{i \ to+\infty}\rho(s_i x,s_iy
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Positive entropy implies chaos along any infinite sequence

Let G G be an infinite countable discrete amenable group. For any G G -action on a compact metric space ( X , ρ ) (X,\rho ) , it turns out that if the action has positive topological entropy, then for any sequence { s i } i = 1 + \{s_i\}_{i=1}^{+\infty } with pairwise distinct elements in G G there exists a Cantor subset K K of X X which is Li–Yorke chaotic along this sequence, that is, for any two distinct points x , y K x,y\in K , one has \[ lim sup i + ρ ( s i x , s i y ) > 0   and   lim inf i + ρ ( s i x , s i y ) = 0. \limsup _{i\to +\infty }\rho (s_i x,s_iy)>0\ \text {and}\ \liminf _{i\to +\infty }\rho (s_ix,s_iy)=0. \]

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Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society
Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society Mathematics-Mathematics (miscellaneous)
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期刊介绍: This journal, a translation of Trudy Moskovskogo Matematicheskogo Obshchestva, contains the results of original research in pure mathematics.
期刊最新文献
On generalized Newton’s aerodynamic problem The asymptotic behaviour of cocycles over flows Holomorphic solutions of soliton equations Realizing integrable Hamiltonian systems by means of billiard books Letter to the Editors
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