Severe Coronary Artery Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in South Punjab Region of Pakistan

Background: Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and disturbed glucose metabolism associated with central obesity are often referred to as Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and patients of MetS have a two- to three-fold increased risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: Objectives were to determine the frequency of MetS in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes and to compare the frequencies of severe coronary artery disease in patients with and without MetS. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 200 patients with acute coronary syndromes over a period of six months. Frequency of MetS was calculated. The frequencies of severe coronary artery disease were compared between patients having MetS and not having MetS using chi-square chart. Results: Total 200 patients with the mean age of 54.24 ± 9.41 years were included. 131 (65.5%) patients with acute coronary syndrome had MetS. Total 112 patients (56%) had severe coronary artery disease. 63.35% with MetS and 42.03% without MetS had severe coronary artery disease (p=0.003). Conclusion: The frequency of metabolic syndrome was high (65.5%) in patients with acute coronary syndromes and severe coronary artery disease was found to be associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in these patients.