中阿穆尔低地漫滩土壤覆盖的分化与地貌的演变

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva Pub Date : 2021-03-27 DOI:10.19047/0136-1694-2021-106-105-129
V. I. Roslikova, L. A. Matyushkina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文基于对阿穆尔河流域中低地东北部泛滥平原土壤的长期研究。讨论了从哈巴罗夫斯克到阿穆尔河下游200公里的斯拉维扬斯基岛土壤地貌剖面的实地工作结果。该研究分析了岛上冲积平原土壤在riolkas上的分布情况[1]及其性质,重点是形态、岩性和粒度组成。显示了冲积和风成不同成因的riolkas的土壤形成特征。冲积层(“草甸林”山脊)的沙质和砂质壤土沉积物上形成了发育不良的草皮潜育土。“草甸”重壤土和粘土冲积层山脊每年都被河水淹没,在芦苇林下形成草皮草甸潜育土。高风积岩的沙沉积物具有均匀的细粒结构,没有夹层,没有有机物迹象,并含有大量云母。它们描述了高树干橡树林下发育不良的草皮林土壤未发现所有类型的riolkas上的试验土壤。当洪泛平原到达洪泛平原上方第一个阶地的位置时,岩性组成和粒度分布、土壤质地、水边以上高度以及继承的riolkas上植被性质的差异提供了土壤形成的多方向演变。同时,开发是根据地带性土壤类型进行的(草皮林、棕壤、质地分化的——漂白层土壤(podbel))。最后一层主要形成在粘壤土冲积层上,不仅可以覆盖冲积层,还可以覆盖一些风积岩。[1]Riolkas是一种古老的、相对较高的沙脊(延伸的沙丘),在阿穆尔地区(俄罗斯远东地区)发现有植物覆盖。
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Differentiation of the soil cover of the floodplain of the Middle-Amur Lowland in connection with the evolution of the relief forms
The article is based on a long-term study of floodplain soils of the Amur River valley within the north-eastern part of the Middle-Amur Lowland. The results of field work on the soil-geomorphological profile across the Slavyansky Island, located 200 km from Khabarovsk down the Amur River, are discussed. The study analyzes the occurrence of the island's floodplain soils on riolkas[1] and their properties, with an emphasis on morphology and lithological and particle-size composition. The features of soil formation on riolkas of different genesis – alluvial and aeolian – are shown. On sandy and sandy-loam deposits of alluvial riolkas (“meadow-forest” ridges) poorly developed sod gley soils are formed. On heavy loam and clay alluvium of the “meadow“ ridges, annually flooded by river waters, sod-meadow gley soils develop under the woodreed grass stand. Sand deposits of high aeolian riolkas are characterized by a homogeneous fine-grained structure without interlayers, signs of organic matter and with a significant amount of mica. They describe poorly developed sod-forest soils under high-trunk oak forests. The formation of texture-differentiated soils on all types of riolkas was not revealed. When the floodplain reaches the position of the first terrace above the floodplain, the differences in the lithological composition and particle-size distribution, soil texture, height above the water edge and the nature of vegetation on the inherited riolkas provide a multidirectional evolution of soil formation. At the same time, the development is taking place in accordance with the zonal types of soils (sod-forest, brown-earth, texture-differentiated – soil with a bleached horizon (podbel)). The last are mainly formed on clay-loam alluvium, which can overlay not only alluvial, but also some aeolian riolkas. [1]Riolkas are ancient, relatively high sand ridges (extended dunes) with plant cover found in Amur region (Russian Far East).
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0.90
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发文量
15
审稿时长
8 weeks
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