Accuracy Assessment on Detail Survey Plan Using iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR Sensor

Total stations, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) instruments, and laser scanners are common tools used in detailed surveys because of the precision they bring to measurements and data collection. While conventional land surveying methods using total stations and GNSS instruments are widely used for their accuracy, they require a team of at least three people and can be costly. In 2021, Apple introduced the iPhone 13 Pro with a built-in LiDAR sensor that can potentially be used for land surveying. However, it is unclear whether the LiDAR data obtained from the iPhone is accurate and reliable enough to replace the conventional surveying methods. Therefore, a comparison study between the conventional method and the iPhone LiDAR sensor needs to be conducted to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of using the iPhone LiDAR sensor in land surveying. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences between tacheometry method using total station and laser scanning method using iPhone 13 Pro Max in generating detail survey plan. This study was conducted UiTM Shah Alam Stadium, Shah Alam, Selangor. For scanning method, two device poses (distance of sensor to target) are used which are 5 and 10 cm. Based on results and analysis, the difference between the actual elevation value and the scanning data from the device at 5 cm and 10 cm is relatively small. The lowest values for the device's position at 5 cm and 10 cm are -0.025 m and -0.057 m, respectively, and the highest values are 0.023 m and 0.017 m, respectively. The average deviation at the device's position of 5 cm is 0.023 m, while the average deviation at the device's position of 10 cm is 0.017 m. In conclusion, the LiDAR sensor in the iPhone 13 Pro Max has the potential to be a valuable tool for assessing accuracy in detailed survey plans. Its possible applications in different fields are worth further exploration