种子燕麦、玉米、苏丹高粱与白羽扇豆组合作物的饲料产量

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Naukovi gorizonti Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI:10.48077/scihor6.2023.32
V. Kurhak, L. Kolomiiets, Serhii Sliusar, I. Malynovska, Anton Tkachenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在森林草原不同施肥系统下,通过选择最佳谷物成分、优化其比例和种植方法,以积累和有效利用氮,以及白羽扇豆植物从空气中共生固定氮,这方面的研究是不够的。本研究的目的是确定在乌克兰森林草原不同肥料系统下联合作物播种生产草料时,最佳谷物成分、它们的比例以及与白羽扇豆的放置方法。采用了以下方法:野外法、实验室法、数理统计法、计算比较法。已经确定,在没有化肥的背景下(4.21-4.86 t∙ha–1干物质)的最高生产力是由玉米和白羽扇豆的单一作物及其通过连续行和条带法形成的组合作物提供的,与燕麦及其与白羽扇豆的混合物相比,其干物质增加了2.60-3.17 t·ha–1,或增加了1.8-2.6倍,与苏丹高粱及其与白羽扇豆混合物相比,增加了1.13-1.58 t·ha-1,或提高了1.4-1.5倍。通过共生固氮的积累和利用,羽扇豆-燕麦混合物的生产力从1.90提高到2.70-3.21 t∙ha–1干重或1.4-1.7倍,羽扇高粱的生产力从3.17提高到3.43-3.47或1.1倍。当干生物量生产力最大时,二元间作中各谷物成分与豆类的最有效比例为单种农玉米播种率的25:75%。与不施肥的变体相比,施用N45Р30K50确保了所研究的所有饲料农产品生产率的最显著提高(1.3-2.0倍),而施用250 kg·ha–1剂量的P30K50或腐殖酸有机肥仅提高了1.2-1.3倍。研究结果可用于制定科学和方法建议,以及关于形成高效农业植物cenose的教育,以输送生产用于动物饲养的高质量草饲料
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Forage productivity of combined crops of seed oats, maize, and Sudanese sorghum with white lupine
Research aimed at the accumulation and effective use of nitrogen, its symbiotic fixation from the air by white lupine plants, by selecting the best cereal components, optimizing their ratio and methods of placement when growing in compatible crops under different fertilization systems in the Forest Steppe is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to establish the best cereal components, their ratio and methods of placement with white lupine when sowing in joint crops under different fertilizer systems to produce grass fodder in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The following methods were used: field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. It was established that the highest productivity on the background without fertilizers (4.21-4.86 t∙ha–1 of dry matter) was provided by single-species crops of maize and white lupine, as well as their combined crops, which were formed by continuous row and strip methods, which by 2.60-3.17 t∙ha–1 of dry matter or 1.8-2.6 times more compared to crops of oats and its mixture with white lupine and by 1.13-1.58 t·ha-1 or 1.4-1.5 times more compared to crops of Sudanese sorghum and its mixture with white lupine. Through the accumulation and use of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the productivity of lupine-oat mixtures increased from 1.90 to 2.70-3.21 t∙ha–1 of dry mass or 1.4-1.7 times, and that of lupine-sorghum – from 3.17 to 3.43-3.47 or 1.1 times. The most effective ratio of each cereal component to legume in binary intercropping was 25:75% of the sowing rate in single-species agrocenoses when dry biomass productivity was the greatest. Compared to the variant without fertilizers, the most significant (by 1.3-2.0 times) increase in the productivity of all fodder agrocenoses under study was ensured by the application of N45Р30K50, while the application of P30K50 or humigran organic fertilizer at a dose of 250 kg·ha–1 – only by 1.2-1.3 times. The research results can be used in the development of scientific and methodological recommendations and the education about the formation of highly productive agrophytocenoses for conveyor production of high-quality grass fodder for animal feeding
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Naukovi gorizonti
Naukovi gorizonti Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
115
审稿时长
4 weeks
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