评玛格丽特·沃特金斯《休谟散文的哲学进展》

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Hume Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1353/hms.2023.0002
Jacqueline Taylor
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大卫·休谟去世后,亚当·斯密给休谟的出版商威廉·斯特拉汉写了一封信,讲述了“我们已故的好朋友,休谟先生”的一些遗言和态度。他最近一直在阅读卢西恩的《亡灵对话》,尽管他觉得自己完全有理由“满足地死去”,但史密斯描述了休谟可能向查伦提出的推迟死亡的“滑稽借口”(EMPL xlv)。他首先要求更多的时间,这样他就可以看到公众对他对自己作品所做的最新更正的反应,但查伦回答说,这只会让休谟想要更多的时间来进行进一步的更正。休谟尝试了另一种策略:“耐心一点,善良的查伦,我一直在努力打开公众的眼睛。如果我再活几年,我可能会满意地看到一些盛行的迷信制度的衰落,”查伦回答道,“你这个游荡的流氓,这几百年都不会发生……马上上船,你这个懒惰的游荡的流氓”(EMPL xlvi)。这种想象中的对话表明了休谟作为一个作家的自我意识,他非常关心自己作品的正确性以及这些作品对公众的影响。玛格丽特·沃特金斯(Margaret Watkins)在她的书中认为,休谟关注的是打开公众的眼睛,远远超出了试图推翻迷信制度的范围。2她认为,休谟的更广泛目标是为识字的读者写文章,这将刺激公众和个人在人类活动的各个领域的进步,包括政府、工作、审美体验,和inti-
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Comments on Margaret Watkins, The Philosophical Progress of Hume’s “Essays”
After David Hume’s death, Adam Smith wrote a letter to Hume’s publisher, William Strahan, to recount some of the final words and the attitude of “our late excellent friend, Mr. Hume.”1 Despite declining health and increasing weakness, Hume faced his approaching demise “with great cheerfulness” (EMPL xlvi). He had recently been reading Lucian’s Dialogues of the Dead, and although feeling he had every reason “to die contented,” Smith describes the “jocular excuses” Hume might make to Charon to delay his death (EMPL xlv). He first requests more time so that he can see how the public responds to the latest corrections he had been making to his works, but Charon replied that this would only lead Hume to want more time to make further corrections. Hume tries another tack: “Have a little patience, good Charon, I have been endeavouring to open the eyes of the public. If I live a few years longer, I may have the satisfaction of seeing the downfall of some of the prevailing systems of superstition,” to which Charon replies, “You loitering rogue, that will not happen these many hundred years . . . Get into the boat this instant, you lazy loitering rogue” (EMPL xlvi). This imaginary dialogue makes evident Hume’s self-awareness as an author who cared greatly about both the correctness of his written works and the influence of these works on the public. In her book, Margaret Watkins argues that Hume’s concern to open the eyes of the public goes well beyond attempts to bring about the downfall of systems of superstition.2 She credits him with the broader aim of writing essays for a literate audience that would stimulate both public and individual improvement in various areas of human activity, including government, work, aesthetic experience, and inti-
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The Testimony of Sense: Empiricism and the Essay from Hume to Hazlitt by Tim Milnes (review) Hume as Regularity Theorist—After All! Completing a Counter-Revolution Hume on Self-Government and Strength of Mind Hume beyond Theism and Atheism Hume's Theory of Moral Judgment in Light of His Explanatory Project
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