The Optimal Choice of Technique for Stereotactic Radiosurgery—A LINAC-Based Dosimetric Study between DCA, DCA-SSO, DCA-SSO-VDR, and VMAT

Introduction Advanced radiation therapy delivery techniques require greater understanding of various planning sequences and methods. The aim of this study is to determine a class solution that finds the best possible technique to deliver for stereotactic radiosurgery between dynamic conformal arc (DCA) techniques using various options such as DCA, DCA + SSO (segment shape optimization), and DCA + SSO + VDR (variable dose rate) using noncoplanar beam arrangement and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using coplanar beams. Materials and Methods In this dosimetric study, 11 brain cases were retrospectively planned for various techniques and analyzed for the Paddick conformity index (CI), Radiation Therapy Oncology Group homogeneity index (HI), Paddick gradient index (GI), treatment time in terms of monitor units (MU) and normal brain dose (V12Gy). The paired t-test was performed to know the statistical significance between the techniques. Results In terms of CI, GI, and control of the normal brain dose, the VMAT plan was superior to other techniques. But, HI was found to be better with DCA. Above all, VMAT delivered higher MU than any other technique. The p-values between DCA + SSO and DCA, DCA + SSO + VDR and DCA + SSO, and VMAT and DCA + SSO + VDR are as follows: CI: 0.0004, 0.015, and 0.03; GI: 0.03, 0.33, and 0.29; HI: 0.008, 0.04, and 0.06; V12 Gy of normal brain: 0.1, 0.01, 0.38. VMAT requires approximately 41 ± 17% more MU than DCA + SSO + VDR. Conclusion VMAT using coplanar beams is preferable among all the techniques, considering the dosimetric parameters studied. If VMAT is not available in the facility, DCA + SSO + VDR technique using non coplanar beams can be used to deliver SRS treatment.