性别仍然是二元的吗?

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY Medizinische Genetik Pub Date : 2023-08-16 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1515/medgen-2023-2039
Christoph Rehmann-Sutter, Olaf Hiort, Ulrike M Krämer, Lisa Malich, Malte Spielmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这篇透视文章中,我们讨论了性别作为二元概念的局限性,以及它如何受到医学发展和对性别多样性更好理解的挑战。最近的数据表明,性别不是一个简单的二元分类,仅仅基于出生时的生殖器或生殖能力,而是包括各种生物特征,如染色体,激素和第二性征。性别发育差异(DSD)个体的存在,不符合典型的男性或女性类别,进一步证明了性别的复杂性。我们认为,认为性别是严格基于配子的二元性是不充分的,因为在生殖能力之外还有多个层次的性别。我们还探讨了性别在性别决定、基因表达、大脑发育和行为模式中的作用,并强调了在个性化医疗中认识到性别多样性的重要性,因为性别可以影响疾病的表现、药物反应和治疗效果。最后,我们呼吁采用跨学科和跨学科的方法来研究性别多样性,并开发超越二元模型的新类别和方法。
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Is sex still binary?

In this perspective article we discuss the limitations of sex as a binary concept and how it is challenged by medical developments and a better understanding of gender diversity. Recent data indicate that sex is not a simple binary classification based solely on genitalia at birth or reproductive capacity but encompasses various biological characteristics such as chromosomes, hormones, and secondary sexual characteristics. The existence of individuals with differences in sex development (DSD) who do not fit typical male or female categories further demonstrates the complexity of sex. We argue that the belief that sex is strictly binary based on gametes is insufficient, as there are multiple levels of sex beyond reproductivity. We also explore the role of sex in sex determination, gene expression, brain development, and behavioural patterns and emphasize the importance of recognizing sex diversity in personalized medicine, as sex can influence disease presentation, drug response, and treatment effectiveness. Finally, we call for an inter- and transdisciplinary approach to study sex diversity and develop new categories and methodologies that go beyond a binary model.

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来源期刊
Medizinische Genetik
Medizinische Genetik Medicine-Genetics (clinical)
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
9.10%
发文量
48
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: medizinischegenetik is a scientific journal that is owned and published by the German Society of Human Genetics e.V. since 1989. The journal was founded by Prof. Jan Murken, München. Self-published until 2006, from 2007-2019 published at Springer Verlag and since 2020 at De Gruyter. medizinischegenetik serves education and training among colleagues, the interdisciplinary exchange of knowledge in all areas of human genetics in clinics, practice, research and teaching. Each issue of the quarterly journal deals with a focus that provides a comprehensive overview of current developments in specific clinical pictures, technical developments and therapeutic approaches. All reviews are written in English language. The journal thus creates a platform for the international exchange of knowledge and increased awareness of German research activities in the scientific community. In addition, medizinischegenetik contains information on activities in its own subject in the German-language section. This includes conference reports, association announcements, personnel matters, statements and guidelines. With health policy questions, historical retrospectives and comments on current developments, the profession takes a stand on human genetic issues in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
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