次氯酸钠对粪肥废水微生物群和气味的影响

Q4 Environmental Science Povolzhskii ekologicheskii zhurnal Pub Date : 2023-06-18 DOI:10.35885/1684-7318-2023-1-107-116
N. Syrchina, L. Pilip, E. Kolevatykh, T. Ashikhmina, D. A. Kuznetsov
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引用次数: 1

摘要

畜牧企业的粪肥废水(ME)代表了各种好氧微生物(MO)发展的丰富营养介质。在ME有机成分的生物降解过程中,大量的气味形成物质(OFS)和温室气体进入大气。ME破坏的强度和主要方向取决于微生物群的组成和数量。次氯酸钠溶液可用于抑制ME生物成分的分解。在我们的研究过程中,发现在ME的液体部分(pH~6.8;湿度~99.1%)中引入0.005%的活性氯会导致腐败微生物群的数量减少,即:拟杆菌、梭菌、大肠杆菌、假单胞菌,心室肌和厌氧消化链球菌。相应的氨化物积极参与有机物质的生物降解过程,形成乙酸、异戊酸、丁酸、吲哚、粪酚、氨、硫化氢、硫醇等。相反,对OFS的产生没有显著贡献的微生物群(酿酒酵母、粘红酵母、乳酸杆菌等)的数量增加了。一些挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的产生者,即:普雷沃蒂厌氧球菌、Acidaminoccus、普雷沃氏菌等数量增加。然而,这并没有影响ME气味的强度和性质,这可以通过在pH高于7.0时形成非挥发性VFA盐来解释。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、克雷伯菌属、变形杆菌属、。,Alistipes putedinis,双歧杆菌ssp。,当向ME中添加NaOCl时,热带念珠菌和白色念珠菌几乎没有变化。由于微生物群的转变,主要成分为温室气体CO2和CH4的气体物质的总排放量减少了17%以上。难闻的气味强度显著降低。NaOCl溶液可用于在粪肥储存槽中处理ME。这种杀生物剂的可用性、低成本和对环境的安全性促进了用它处理ME的实践的引入。
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Effect of sodium hypochlorite on the microbiota and odor of manure effluents
Manure effluents (ME) of livestock enterprises represent a rich nutrient medium for the development of various aerobic microorganisms (MO). During the biodegradation of the organic components of ME, a wide range of odor-forming substances (OFS) and greenhouse gases enter the atmospheric air. The intensity and main directions of ME destruction depend on the composition and amount of microbiota. A solution of sodium hypochlorite can be used to suppress the decomposition of the biogenic components of ME. In the course of our research, it was found that the introduction of 0.005% active chlorine into the liquid fraction of ME (pH ~ 6.8; humidity ~ 99.1%) leads to a decrease in the numbers of putrefactive microbiota, namely: Bacteroides, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Sarcina ventriculi, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. The corresponding ammonifiers are actively involved in the biodegradation processes of organic substances to form acetic acid, isovaleric acid, butyric acid, indoles, skatoles, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans and others. The numbers of microbiota not making a significant contribution to the production of OFS (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula glutinis, Lactobacillus ssp. and others), on the contrary, increased. The numbers of some producers of volatile fatty acids (VFA), namely: Anaerococcus prevotii, Acidaminococcus, Prevotella spp. etc. increased. However, this did not affect the intensity and nature of the ME odor, which can be explained by the formation of non-volatile VFA salts at pH above 7.0. The numbers of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella sp., Proteus ssp., Alistipes putredinis, Bifidobacterium ssp., Candida tropicalis, and Candida albicans almost did not change when NaOCl was added to ME. As a result of the microbiota transformation, the total emission of gaseous substances, whose main components are the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4, decreased by more than 17%. The unpleasant odor intensity has significantly decreased. A NaOCl solution can be used to treat ME in manure storage baths. The introduction of the practice of treating ME with this biocide is facilitated by its availability, low cost and safety for the environment. 
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来源期刊
Povolzhskii ekologicheskii zhurnal
Povolzhskii ekologicheskii zhurnal Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
9 weeks
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