An exploratory qualitative analysis of rape myths in India

Rape myths are stereotypical beliefs that excuse the rapist and hold the victim responsible for rape, leading to secondary victimization. This study attempts to grasp the nature of rape myths in the Indian context and compares them with rape myths that appear in the literature. Detailed semi-structured interviews were conducted with members of the general public (shopkeepers, clerks, students, counselors, peons, and guards) and legal actors (police personnel and lawyers). Results are discussed regarding the rejection of or support for rape myths and additional rape myths. Interestingly, we found that Indians are not supportive of rape myths that excuse rapists when they are influenced by alcohol. In support of previously researched rape myths, we found that Indians overestimated false accusations and blamed revealing clothes, women's drinking, and going out at night. We also found additional rape myths prevalent in India that are unique but not necessarily restricted to the Indian context. These include 'western' clothes, lack of parental control, disregard for traditional norms, provoking anger in males, and going out for leisure. Our findings suggest that the nature and intensity of rape myths vary according to culture. Assessment tools and educational interventions need to be tailored according to these variations.