北极网箱作为海啸缓冲区的海岸森林效率模型

Denni Susanto, Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida, S. Sunarto
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Petak ukur ditempatkan secara purposive dengan mempertimbangkan lokasi genangan tsunami dan kerapatan vegetasi. Kerapatan vegetasi dilakukan dengan analisis citra Sentinel 2-A tahun 2017. Efektifitas hutan pantai sebagai buffer tsunami dianalisis menggunakan persamaan matematis menggunakan konsep Harada dan Imamura (2003) dan dimodelkan dengan Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA) dengan kriteria lebar hutan pantai, kerapatan vegetasi, diameter pohon, dan kerapatan tumbuhan bawah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai-nilai parameter hutan pantai pereduksi tsunami di Cagar Alam Pananjung berupa kerapatan vegetasi > 2000 ind/ha, rata-rata diameter pohon yaitu 15,94 cm, dan lebar hutan pantai antara 120– 325 m. Ketinggian tempat hutan pantai Cagar Alam Pananjung bergelombang antara 0–59 m dpl. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan efektivitas hutan pantai Cagar Alam Pananjung sebagai buffer dalam meredam energi tsunami memiliki nilai reduksi sebesar 41,18%, sehingga termasuk kategori efektif. Effectiveness Model of Coastal Forest in Pananjung Nature Reserve, Pangandaran as Tsunami Buffer AbstractThe southern coast of Java is a coastal area prone to tsunami. In 2006, a tsunami with a magnitude of 6 Richter scale happened in Pangandaran area including Pananjung Nature Reserve. The presence of coastal forest in the Pananjung Nature Reserve reduced the force of the tsunami so that the destructive effect of the tsunami can be minimized. This research aimed to model and assess the effectiveness of coastal forest in Pananjung Nature Reserve as a tsunami buffer. Nested sampling was used to collect vegetation data with 4% sampling intensity. 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引用次数: 3

摘要

爪哇岛南部沿海地区是发生海啸的沿海地区。2006年,一场里氏6级的海啸袭击了潘干达地区,包括帕南琼格自然保护区。事实证明,帕南琼湾的沿海森林能够降低海啸的威力,从而将海啸的破坏性影响降至最低。这项研究的目的是模拟沿海Cagar Panganda Nature作为海啸缓冲区的森林效率,并考虑各种海啸减少因素。植被特征数据采用嵌套采样,采样强度为4%。海滩森林的面积为38公顷,因此它使用了38平方米的尺度,尺度为1米x 1米,一块2米x 2米的田地,一头5米x 5米的奶牛,一根10米x 10米的杆子和一棵20米x 20米的树。尺度的定位有意考虑到海啸树枝的位置和植被密度。植被训练是通过分析2017年的Sentinel 2-A图像完成的。海滩森林作为海啸缓冲区的有效性使用数学方程进行分析,使用Harada和Imamura概念(2003),并使用空间多标准分析(SMCA)进行建模,以海滩森林宽度、植被密度、树木直径和较低植物密度为标准。研究表明,Pananjung Nature Cagar减少海啸的海滩森林参数值为植被密度>2000 ind/ha,平均树径15.94cm,海滩森林宽度在120-325m之间。Cagar Nature海滩森林的高度在0-59mdpi之间。建模结果表明,Pananjung Cagar海滩森林作为缓冲区在减少海啸能量方面的效率降低了41.18%,因此它包括有效类别。[UNK]潘甘达兰帕南琼自然保护区海岸森林作为海啸缓冲区的有效性模型[UNK]Abstract.爪哇南海岸是一个容易发生海啸的沿海地区。2006年,包括潘南琼自然保护区在内的潘干达兰地区发生了里氏6级海啸。Pananjung自然保护区的沿海森林减少了海啸的威力,从而可以将海啸的破坏性影响降至最低。本研究旨在对帕南琼自然保护区沿海森林作为海啸缓冲区的有效性进行建模和评估。采用嵌套采样法收集植被数据,采样强度为4%。在38个正方形的森林样地中测量了38公顷的广阔海岸森林,样地大小为下层1 m x 1 m、幼苗2 m x 2 m、树苗5 m x 5 m、电杆10 m x 10 m和树木20 x 20 m。考虑到海啸淹没的位置和植被密度,对样地进行了有针对性的定位。植被密度通过Sentinel 2-A2017的图像分析进行。根据Harada和Imamura(2003),使用数学概念分析了沿海森林作为海啸缓冲区的有效性,并使用空间多标准分析(SMCA)建模,其中包括宽度沿海植被标准、植被密度、树木直径和下层密度。结果表明,帕南琼自然保护区植被密度>2000 ind/ha,平均树径15.94cm,海岸林宽度在120m~325m之间。研究发现,沿海森林潘南琼自然保护区在减少能源海啸方面的有效性为41.18%,因此被列入有效类别。
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Pemodelan Efektivitas Hutan Pantai di Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran Sebagai Buffer Tsunami
Kawasan pantai selatan Jawa merupakan daerah pesisir yang rawan terjadi tsunami. Tahun 2006 tsunami dengan kekuatan gempa 6 skala Richter melanda daerah Pangandaran termasuk Cagar Alam Pananjung. Terdapatnya hutan pantai di Cagar Alam Pananjung mampu mereduksi kekuatan tsunami sehingga efek merusak tsunami dapat diminimalkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memodelkan efektivitas hutan pantai Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran sebagai buffer tsunami dengan berbagai faktor pereduksi tsunami. Nested sampling digunakan untuk pengambilan data karakteristik vegetasi dengan intensitas sampling 4%. Luas hutan pantai 38 ha, sehingga digunakan petak ukur sebanyak 38 petak ukur persegi dengan ukuran petak ukur untuk tumbuhan bawah 1 m x 1 m, semai 2 m x 2 m, sapihan 5 m x 5 m, tiang 10 m x 10 m, dan pohon 20 x 20 m. Petak ukur ditempatkan secara purposive dengan mempertimbangkan lokasi genangan tsunami dan kerapatan vegetasi. Kerapatan vegetasi dilakukan dengan analisis citra Sentinel 2-A tahun 2017. Efektifitas hutan pantai sebagai buffer tsunami dianalisis menggunakan persamaan matematis menggunakan konsep Harada dan Imamura (2003) dan dimodelkan dengan Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA) dengan kriteria lebar hutan pantai, kerapatan vegetasi, diameter pohon, dan kerapatan tumbuhan bawah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai-nilai parameter hutan pantai pereduksi tsunami di Cagar Alam Pananjung berupa kerapatan vegetasi > 2000 ind/ha, rata-rata diameter pohon yaitu 15,94 cm, dan lebar hutan pantai antara 120– 325 m. Ketinggian tempat hutan pantai Cagar Alam Pananjung bergelombang antara 0–59 m dpl. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan efektivitas hutan pantai Cagar Alam Pananjung sebagai buffer dalam meredam energi tsunami memiliki nilai reduksi sebesar 41,18%, sehingga termasuk kategori efektif. Effectiveness Model of Coastal Forest in Pananjung Nature Reserve, Pangandaran as Tsunami Buffer AbstractThe southern coast of Java is a coastal area prone to tsunami. In 2006, a tsunami with a magnitude of 6 Richter scale happened in Pangandaran area including Pananjung Nature Reserve. The presence of coastal forest in the Pananjung Nature Reserve reduced the force of the tsunami so that the destructive effect of the tsunami can be minimized. This research aimed to model and assess the effectiveness of coastal forest in Pananjung Nature Reserve as a tsunami buffer. Nested sampling was used to collect vegetation data with 4% sampling intensity. Extensive coastal forest of 38 ha was measured in 38 square forest sample plots with the size of the plot for the understorey 1 mx 1 m, seedlings 2 m x 2 m, saplings 5 mx 5 m, poles 10 m x 10 m, and trees 20 x 20 m. The plots were located purposively by considering the location of tsunami inundation and vegetation density. The vegetation density was performed by image analysis of Sentinel 2-A2017. The effectiveness of coastal forests as tsunami buffers was analyzed using mathematical concepts according to Harada and Imamura (2003) and modeled with Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA) with width coastal vegetation criteria, vegetation density, tree diameter, and density of understorey. The results showed that in Pananjung Nature Reserve has vegetation density > 2000 ind/ha, average tree diameter of 15.94 cm, and coastal forest width between 120 m - 325 m. Topography of coastal forest Pananjung Nature Reserve waved between 0 m asl - 59 m asl. It was found that the effectiveness of coastal forest Pananjung Nature Reserve in reducing energy tsunami was in the value of 41.18%, thus it was included in the effective category.
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