义务、地方性生存与道德判断的复杂性

Avril L’Mour Weathers
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摘要

 这是对西非利比里亚埃博拉危机期间地方性危机的性质、其生存以及道德义务的社会构建的生物伦理调查。2014年在西非爆发的埃博拉疫情是迄今为止规模最大、最严重、最复杂的一次。利比里亚危机结束时,6000名感染者意外生还。埃博拉病毒与生存的伦理学异常复杂,需要复杂的理论解释。虽然对伦理理论的分类分析不能涵盖这种道德困境的全部范围,但一个单一的概念通过一系列模型来涵盖;这个概念被称为道德义务。探索他人对埃博拉幸存者的义务有助于定位、证明和分析世界上最严重的地方性危机所产生的基于恐惧的道德体系。本文考察了政府、社区、个人和外国研究机构对蒙罗维亚西非埃博拉疫情幸存者的义务,探讨了疫情危机文化的不同道德,同时考察了与社会义务相关的判断的复杂性。
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Obligation, Endemic Survival & the Complexity of Moral Judgement
 This is a bioethical investigation into the nature of the endemic crisis, its survival, and the social construction of moral obligation during the Ebola crisis in Liberia, West Africa. The 2014 outbreak in West Africa was the most considerable, most severe, and most complex Ebola epidemic thus far. At the close of the crisis in Liberia, six thousand infected persons survived unexpectedly. The ethics of Ebola and survival is exceptionally complicated and requires a complex theoretical explanation. While a categorical analysis of ethical theory cannot cover the full scope of this moral dilemma, a single concept carried over a range of models does; and, that concept is known as moral obligation. Exploring the obligation of others toward Ebola survivors helps locate, justify, and analyze the fear-based system of morality that arose from the world’s most severe endemic crisis. Examining the obligations of government, community, individuals, and foreign research initiatives toward the survivors of the West African Ebola endemic in Monrovia, this article explores the varying moralities of endemic crisis culture as it examines the complexity of judgment related to social obligation.
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