Camiel Doorenweerd, Michael San Jose, Luc Leblanc, Daniel Rubinoff
{"title":"入侵害虫分子识别协议不足威胁生物安全","authors":"Camiel Doorenweerd, Michael San Jose, Luc Leblanc, Daniel Rubinoff","doi":"10.1111/syen.12581","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecular markers are crucial to identify new pest invasions before they can become established but current methods are often inadequate.\n <figure>\n <div><picture>\n <source></source></picture><p></p>\n </div>\n </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":22126,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Entomology","volume":"48 3","pages":"355-360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Inadequate molecular identification protocols for invasive pests threaten biosecurity\",\"authors\":\"Camiel Doorenweerd, Michael San Jose, Luc Leblanc, Daniel Rubinoff\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/syen.12581\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Molecular markers are crucial to identify new pest invasions before they can become established but current methods are often inadequate.\\n <figure>\\n <div><picture>\\n <source></source></picture><p></p>\\n </div>\\n </figure></p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":22126,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Systematic Entomology\",\"volume\":\"48 3\",\"pages\":\"355-360\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Systematic Entomology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/syen.12581\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENTOMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Systematic Entomology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/syen.12581","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
摘要
新昆虫入侵的经济和生态后果可能是毁灭性的,影响深远。例如,2015年在佛罗里达州(美国)爆发的东方果蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis[Hendel])疫情和随后的根除工作的经济影响估计分别造成4120万美元的直接成本、种植者损失和检疫措施造成的行业产出损失,此外还有数百个工作岗位损失(Steck等人,2019)。在日本,1950年至1998年间,根除瓜蝇(Zeugodacus cucurbitae[Coquillet])和东方果蝇的几次入侵的成本估计超过2亿美元(Kiritani,1998)。1990年至2003年间,海绵蛾(Lymantria dispar[Linnaeus])和尼姑蛾(Lymantria monacha[Linnaeus])入侵美国造成的潜在损失估计为280亿至460亿美元(Cock et al.,2003)。入侵害虫带来的日益增长的生物安全风险是全球化的必然结果(Suckling等人,2019)。幸运的是,对抗这些入侵的工具正在扩展,新的基因组技术正在促进更好的诊断标志物和协议的开发和实施。因此,分子物种鉴定可以在预防或快速识别新的害虫入侵方面发挥特别重要的作用。快速识别新的入侵对于在建立之前根除害虫至关重要。根除通常代价高昂,但几乎总是比对农业和贸易造成的长期经济后果便宜几个数量级(Cantrell等人,2002年;Liebhold等人,2016年)。与传统的基于形态学的鉴定相比,分子物种鉴定提供了两个显著的优势:(1)它不依赖于有限的可用分类学专业知识进行每次鉴定,(2)它可以应用于任何昆虫生命阶段、性别、身体部位,或者有时甚至是环境中留下的痕迹(eDNA)(例如,Lopez-Vaamonde等人,2012;Mlynarek等人,2017;Rees等人,2014)。因此,分子识别方法有可能成为世界各地生物安全协议的重要组成部分。然而,尽管一些分子诊断方法已经存在了几十年,但在可靠地应用于预防或早期识别害虫入侵之前,许多方法需要进行实质性的改进。我们将开发强大的分子诊断工具的必要步骤分解为四个主要领域:(1)建立准确的参考分类法,(2)促进多标记方法,(3)确保参考材料的充分种内采样,以及(4)制定鉴定可靠性指标。
期刊介绍:
Systematic Entomology publishes original papers on insect systematics, phylogenetics and integrative taxonomy, with a preference for general interest papers of broad biological, evolutionary or zoogeographical relevance.