Comparison of Lipid Foam Cream and Basic Cream on Epidermal Reconstruction in Mild Atopic Eczema

Introduction: Basic therapy is of central importance in the treatment of atopic eczema. Using electron microscopic images, the morphology of epidermal skin barrier and its lipids was investigated after application of a lipid foam cream and basic cream. Methods: Patients with two contralateral comparable atopic eczema (local SCORAD 1–10) on the forearms were tested. Eczema was treated with a lipid foam cream or basic cream twice daily for 28 days. At the beginning, after 14 days, and at the end of application, the local SCORAD, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, intercellular lipid length in the intercellular space of the stratum corneum (SC), and skin lipids were determined. Results: After application of the foam cream, the epidermal skin barrier could be completely restored and corresponded to healthy skin, while the epidermal skin barrier could not reach this state after care with the basic cream. The content of lipids in the SC increases significantly by 31% after basic cream treatment, whereas they are significantly increased by 85% after application of the lipid foam cream. The local SCORAD improved for both treatments to about the same extent, and no significant results could be shown for TEWL and skin hydration. Conclusion: In subjects with mild atopic eczema, the lipid foam cream leads to a measurable recovery of the skin barrier which is much more pronounced in comparison to the basic cream.