A dataset of carbon and water flux observed in aquaculture ponds in Quanjiao, Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020

Aquaculture ponds are inland small water bodies subject to human activities. They are not only carbon sources, but important sources of regional water evaporation. Accurate observation of carbon and water fluxes in aquaculture ponds is the basis for quantifying carbon emission and evaporation contribution of inland water. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology set up an atmospheric environment experiment site to observe the carbon and water flux over aquaculture water bodies in Guandu Village of Quanjiao County, Anhui Province. This dataset includes the CO2 flux data (measured by the multi-channel closed dynamic floating chamber method), CH4 flux data (measured by the eddy covariance method, multi-channel closed dynamic floating chamber method, and inverted funnel method), latent heat and sensible heat fluxes data (measured by the eddy covariance method), as well as key environmental factors data, such as air temperature, water temperature, and radiation. All data were processed by standardized procedures. Moreover, data quality controls were performed. This dataset can provide important data for accurately estimating carbon emission and evaporation contribution in regional and global inland small water bodies.