宪法法院判决与伊斯兰慈善运动:萨玛林达天课组织合法性分析

Mazahib Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI:10.21093/mj.v22i1.5968
Bambang Iswanto, Miftah Faried Hadinatha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作为东加里曼丹省的首府,Samarinda市政府有足够的机会确保其管辖范围内天课管理组织的合法性。然而,许多以社区为基础的天课机构仍然在没有国家许可证的情况下开展活动。否则,宪法法院第86/PUU-X/2012号裁决要求这些天课机构根据国家阿米尔天课机构(BAZNAS)的建议获得宗教事务部的许可,在本案中是萨马林达的BAZNAS。本文首先关注法院裁决的法律含义,该裁决确认了印尼《天课法》中天课机构许可证要求的合宪性。其次,它调查了Samarinda社区天课机构对未经许可的活动的立场,以及影响他们遵守法院裁决的因素。利用社会法律方法,本文发现,法院已经制定了一项规范,即每个天课管理组织只要在BAZNAS的管辖范围内运作,就必须获得国家许可。因此,Samarinda的社区天课机构在未经许可的情况下管理天课被认为是非法的,因为该市的每个角落都可以说是BAZNAS Samarida行动的范围内。尽管如此,Samarinda的社会并不遵守法院的裁决,因为他们在实施伊斯兰天课教学的过程中建立了自己的社会结构。他们的立场主要受到宗教动机的影响,而不是法律上的顺从,以及对宗教人物的世袭服从。尽管许多天课机构没有获得许可,但社会总是觉得他们在所在地区收集和分发天课的工作让他们受益匪浅。关键词:Amil zakat,合法性,宪法法院,Samarinda
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The Constitutional Court Decision and Islamic Philanthropy Movements: Analysis of Zakat Organizations Legality in Samarinda
As the capital of East Kalimantan province, Samarinda city government has adequate access to ensure the Legality of zakat management organizations in its jurisdiction. However, many community-based zakat agencies still carry out their activities without state license. Otherwise, the Constitutional Court Decision Number 86/ PUU-X/2012 obliges these zakat agencies to get the Ministry of Religious Affairs permit based on the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) recommendation, in this case, the BAZNAS of Samarinda. This article focuses first on the legal implication of the Court’s decision which confirms the constitutionality of the zakat agencies' licensing requirement in Indonesian Zakat Law. Second, it probes the Samarinda community-based zakat agencies' stance on unlicensed activities and factors affecting their compliance with the Court's decision. Using socio-legal method, this article finds that the Court has established a norm that every zakat management organization must obtain the state's license as long as they operate within the jurisdiction of BAZNAS. Hence, it is considered illegal when community-based zakat agencies in Samarinda manage zakat unlicensed because every corner of the city is arguably within reach of BAZNAS Samarinda operation. Nevertheless, the Court's ruling is not observed by the society in Samarinda because they build their own social construction in implementing the Islamic teaching of zakat. Their stance is mainly influenced by religious motives instead of legal compliance, as well as the hereditary obedience to religious figures. Although many zakat agencies are not licensed, the society always feels benefited and facilitated by their work of collecting and distributing zakat in their region. Keywords: Amil zakat, legality, Constitutional Court, Samarinda
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CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
审稿时长
4 weeks
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