Occurrence of subglottic tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy in patients with cicatricial diathesis

Objective To investigate the occurrence of subglottic tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy in the patients with cicatricial diathesis. Methods From May 2012 to May 2017, the tracheotomized patients in intensive care unit who were readmitted for airway therapy were selected.Patients with subglottic tracheal stenosis were assigned to cicatricial diathesis group and non-cicatricial diathesis group.Samples of tracheal stenosis were obtained for routine pathological examination, and the results were recorded.The degree of tracheal stenosis was classified according to the Myer-Cotton grade.The time of bearing a tracheal cannula and time of subglottic trachea stenosis were recorded, and the therapeutic effect was also recorded. Results A total of 2 276 racheotomized patients (139 with cicatricial diathesis and 2 137 with non-cicatricial diathesis) were included in this study, the incidence of subglottic tracheal stenosis was 2.90%, and the incidence of subglottic tracheal stenosis was significantly higher in patients with cicatricial diathesis than in those with non-cicatricial diathesis (P<0.01). Compared with non-cicatricial diathesis group, the Myer-Cotton grade was significantly increased, the time of subglottic tracheal stenosis occurred was shortened, the treatment times were increased, the rate of effective treatment was decreased, and the scar formation rate was increased in cicatricial diathesis group (P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with cicatricial diathesis are more likely to develop subglottic tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy, with severe degree and poor treatment effect. Key words: Tracheal stenosis; Keloid; Tracheostomy