A novel approach for developing smart cotton fabric with dynamic breathability and easy care features

In this study, cotton fabrics were treated with temperature-water responsive nanocomposites consisting of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs), for smart crease recovery/retention functions besides breathability with dynamic porosity. The smart crease recovery/retention functions were determined in air/water at different temperatures and relative humidity simulating laundry and drying processes and air permeability test was conducted at different fabric temperatures. Also, physical-mechanical properties (weight, thickness, bending rigidity, and strength) and washing fastness properties were evaluated. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses confirm the SMPU-CNW nanocomposite presence on fabric. Test results show that the treated cotton fabrics have not only dual responsive shape memory properties providing smart permeability, but also dynamic crease recovery/retention with enhanced mechanical properties. This method could contribute t ecological and economic aspects of sustainability as a result of less energy and polymer consumption with non-ironing property and treatment procedures and low chemical footprint.