A clinical and pathologic study of muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma. Does the grade really matter?

Purpose

The purpose of our study is to correlate grade of Muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma with prognosis of patients in terms of disease recurrence, metastasis and death.

Materals and methods

We retrieved 48 cases of invasive urothelial carcinomas which on initial presentation had invaded muscularis propria (pT2) or beyond muscularis propria (pT3 or pT4), diagnosed and treated in Shaukat Khanum Memorial hospital Lahore and whose 8–20 years follow up data was available in hospital archives received either as Transurethral resection or cystectomy specimens from 2002 to 2015. Cases diagnosed as primary adenocarcinomas, Neuroendocrine carcinomas or other bladder malignancy other than urothelial carcinoma were excluded.

Results

All 48 pT2 and higher stage patients were high grade. 34/48(70.8%) patients had disease recurrence, 11/48(22.9%) had no recurrence of disease and 3 patients lost to follow up. 43/48(89.5%) patients developed disease metastasis while 5/48(10.4%) did not develop metastatic disease. 39/48(81.2%) died of disease, 3 patients lost to follow up while 6/48(12.5%) patients survived. 5 out of 6 patients who survived had underwent cystectomy while 6 more underwent cystectomy but still died of disease.

Conclusion

Muscle invasion is itself an independent prognostic factor in predicting prognosis of patients and grade of such tumors is not much helpful as either majority of tumors are high grade or even if they are low grade, the prognosis is not good.