Effect of temperature-dependent rock thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity on heat recovery in an enhanced geothermal system

The modeling of heat recovery from an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) requires rock thermal parameters as inputs such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. These parameters may encounter significant variations due to the reduction of rock temperature during heat recovery. In the present study, we investigate the effect of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity on the thermal performance of EGS reservoirs. Equations describing the relationships between thermal conductivity/specific heat capacity and temperature from previous experimental studies were incorporated in a field-scale single-fracture EGS model. The modeling results indicate that the increase of thermal conductivity caused by temperature reduction accelerates thermal conduction from rock formations to fracture fluid, and thus improves thermal performance. The decrease of specific heat capacity due to temperature reduction, on the contrary, impairs the thermal performance but the impact is smaller than that of the increase of thermal conductivity. Due to the opposite effects of thermal conductivity increase and specific heat capacity decrease, the overall effect of temperature-dependent thermal parameters is relatively small. Assuming constant thermal parameters measured at room temperature appears to be able to provide acceptable predictions of EGS thermal performance.