在世界各地在家工作

IF 2.7 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI:10.1353/eca.2022.a901274
Cevat Giray Aksoy, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Mathias Dolls, Pablo Zarate
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引用次数: 65

摘要

大流行引发了大规模、持久的在家工作转变。为了研究这一转变,我们调查了截至2021年年中至2022年初在27个国家完成小学教育的全职工人。我们的跨国比较控制了年龄、性别、教育和行业,并将美国的平均值作为基线。我们发现,首先,在我们的样本中,每周平均工作时间为1.5天,各国差异很大。其次,雇主计划在疫情后平均每周工作0.7个工作日,但员工希望工作1.7天。第三,员工重视每周工作两到三天的选择,平均工资为工资的5%,对女性、有孩子的人和通勤时间较长的人的评价更高。第四,疫情期间,大多数员工对自己的工作效率感到惊喜。第五,从个人来看,大流行后雇主对WFH水平的计划大幅上升,大流行期间WFH生产率出乎意料。第六,从各国来看,随着疫情期间政府强制封锁的日益严格,计划的WFH水平也在上升。我们利用这些结果来解释向WFH的巨大转变,并考虑对工人、组织、城市和创新速度的一些影响。
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Working from Home Around the World

The pandemic triggered a large, lasting shift to work from home (WFH). To study this shift, we survey full-time workers who finished primary school in twenty-seven countries as of mid-2021 and early 2022. Our cross-country comparisons control for age, gender, education, and industry and treat the United States mean as the baseline. We find, first, that WFH averages 1.5 days per week in our sample, ranging widely across countries. Second, employers plan an average of 0.7 WFH days per week after the pandemic, but workers want 1.7 days. Third, employees value the option to WFH two to three days per week at 5 percent of pay, on average, with higher valuations for women, people with children, and those with longer commutes. Fourth, most employees were favorably surprised by their WFH productivity during the pandemic. Fifth, looking across individuals, employer plans for WFH levels after the pandemic rise strongly with WFH productivity surprises during the pandemic. Sixth, looking across countries, planned WFH levels rise with the cumulative stringency of government-mandated lockdowns during the pandemic. We draw on these results to explain the big shift to WFH and to consider some implications for workers, organization, cities, and the pace of innovation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
期刊介绍: The Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (BPEA) is a semi-annual academic conference and journal that pairs rigorous research with real-time policy analysis to address the most urgent economic challenges of the day. Working drafts of the papers are presented and discussed at conferences typically held twice each year, and the final versions of the papers and comments along with summaries of the general discussions are published in the journal several months later. The views expressed by the authors, discussants and conference participants in BPEA are strictly those of the authors, discussants and conference participants, and not of the Brookings Institution. As an independent think tank, the Brookings Institution does not take institutional positions on any issue.
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