南半球春季斯科舍海中上层浮游动物和微型浮游生物群落的碳收支

IF 2.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dsr2.2023.105296
Kathryn B. Cook , Anna Belcher , Daniel Bondyale Juez , Gabriele Stowasser , Sophie Fielding , Ryan A. Saunders , Mohamed A. Elsafi , George A. Wolff , Sabena J. Blackbird , Geraint A. Tarling , Daniel J. Mayor
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引用次数: 2

摘要

浮游动物是表层和中层生态系统的组成部分,有必要更好地了解它们在海洋生物地球化学中的作用。深海颗粒有机物的出口和再矿化在控制大气二氧化碳浓度方面发挥着重要作用。远洋中层浮游动物和微型浮游动物群落可能以多种方式影响有机物的命运,包括:初级生产者的消费和这种物质作为快速下沉的粪便颗粒的出口,以及动物向中层垂直迁移(DVM)的活性碳通量。我们在春季对南乔治亚州西北部(南大西洋斯科舍海)的海洋观测站(P3)进行了三次访问,并对其在整个水柱中的每日摄取率和呼吸率进行了估计。昼夜群落生物量估计主要由桡足类>;330μm,包括富含脂质的物种,麻辣和大鼻。我们几乎没有发现同步DVM的证据,只有Metridia spp.和Salpa thompsoni表现出与迁徙行为一致的模式。在250米以下的深度,估计的群落碳摄入率超过了代谢成本,这支持了这样一种理解,即中上层的食物质量相对较差,生物体必须消耗大量食物才能满足其营养需求。相比之下,在较浅的深度,估计的群落摄取率和代谢成本大致平衡,但只有当我们假设动物主要分解代谢脂质(即呼吸商=0.7)并具有相对较高的吸收效率时。我们的工作表明,在观测不确定性范围内平衡中层动物的代谢预算是可能的,但强调需要更好地了解脂质储存动物的生理学,以及它如何影响上层动物的碳预算。
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Carbon budgets of Scotia Sea mesopelagic zooplankton and micronekton communities during austral spring

Zooplankton form an integral component of epi- and mesopelagic ecosystems, and there is a need to better understand their role in ocean biogeochemistry. The export and remineralisation of particulate organic matter at depth plays an important role in controlling atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Pelagic mesozooplankton and micronekton communities may influence the fate of organic matter in a number of ways, including: the consumption of primary producers and export of this material as fast-sinking faecal pellets, and the active flux of carbon by animals undertaking diel vertical migration (DVM) into the mesopelagic. We present day and night vertical biomass profiles of mesozooplankton and micronekton communities in the upper 500 m during three visits to an ocean observatory station (P3) to the NW of South Georgia (Scotia Sea, South Atlantic) in austral spring, alongside estimates of their daily rates of ingestion and respiration throughout the water column. Day and night community biomass estimates were dominated by copepods >330 μm, including the lipid-rich species, Calanoides acutus and Rhincalanus gigas. We found little evidence of synchronised DVM, with only Metridia spp. and Salpa thompsoni showing patterns consistent with migratory behaviour. At depths below 250 m, estimated community carbon ingestion rates exceeded those of metabolic costs, supporting the understanding that food quality in the mesopelagic is relatively poor, and organisms have to consume a large amount of food in order to fulfil their nutritional requirements. By contrast, estimated community rates of ingestion and metabolic costs at shallower depths were approximately balanced, but only when we assumed that the animals were predominantly catabolising lipids (i.e. respiratory quotient = 0.7) and had relatively high absorption efficiencies. Our work demonstrates that it is possible to balance the metabolic budgets of mesopelagic animals to within observational uncertainties, but highlights the need for a better understanding of the physiology of lipid-storing animals and how it influences carbon budgeting in the pelagic.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
16.70%
发文量
115
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography publishes topical issues from the many international and interdisciplinary projects which are undertaken in oceanography. Besides these special issues from projects, the journal publishes collections of papers presented at conferences. The special issues regularly have electronic annexes of non-text material (numerical data, images, images, video, etc.) which are published with the special issues in ScienceDirect. Deep-Sea Research Part II was split off as a separate journal devoted to topical issues in 1993. Its companion journal Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, publishes the regular research papers in this area.
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