用具有除草特性的生态肥料管理葡萄园和橄榄园冬、夏杂草

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Ciencia E Tecnica Vitivinicola Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI:10.1051/CTV/20193401036
António Barreira, M. Arrobas, C. Cardoso, M. Rodrigues
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引用次数: 1

摘要

杂草降低作物产量,需要每年采取措施进行控制,尽管它们可以提供重要的生态效益。在这项工作中,对具有除草特性的生态肥料(biocrop Herbitec®)的功效进行了测试,高浓度(10-15%)可以产生与接触除草剂相似的效果。该产品的组成为水溶性氧化钾6.0%,有机酸54.7%,分散剂和稀释剂39.3%。该产品在两年内进行了六次实地试验,其中包括两个葡萄园和两个橄榄园以及冬季和春季的植被。在每个实验中,施加三种处理,分别是10%和15%浓度的产品和未处理的对照。在处理过的地块,整个地面(行间和行间)喷洒。采用针点法和栅格法评价各处理对植被的影响,包括确定植被受损和未受损的比例以及裸露土壤的比例。杂草的干生物量产量也被评价为对植被损害持续性的衡量标准。记录了林分的区系组成,评价了不同处理对杂草的敏感性。结果表明,该产品对植被破坏严重,效果持续一个多月。在保持土壤保护的同时,施用该产品导致地上生物量严重减少,显示了减少杂草竞争和维持地面覆盖之间的有益折衷。一些物种受到严重损害,而另一些物种相对而言似乎受益,这表明该产品的有效性将取决于存在的杂草种类。
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Management of winter and summer weeds in vineyards and olive groves with an ecological fertilizer with herbicidal properties
Weeds reduce crop yields and require annual measures of control, although they can provide important ecological benefits. In this work, the efficacy was tested of an ecological fertilizer with herbicidal properties (Bioscrop Herbitec®) which in high concentrations (10-15%) can have a similar effect to a contact herbicide. The composition of the product is 6.0 % of water-soluble potassium oxide, 54.7 % of organic acids and 39.3 % of dispersants and diluents. The product was tested in six field trials during two years, which included two vineyards and two olive orchards and winter and spring vegetation. In each experiment three treatments were imposed, being the product applied at the concentrations of 10% and 15% and a non-treated control. In treated plots, the entire ground surface (rows and inter-rows) was sprayed. The evaluation of the effect of the treatments on vegetation was assessed by the pin point and grid methods which consisted of determining the percentage of damaged and not damaged vegetation and bare soil. The production of dry biomass of weeds was also evaluated as a measure of the persistence of the damage on vegetation. The floristic composition of the stands was also recorded to evaluate the specific susceptibility of the weeds to the different treatments. The results showed that the product severely damaged the vegetation, and the effect persisted for more than a month. The application of the product caused a severe reduction in the aboveground biomass while keeping the soil protected, showing a useful compromise between the reduction in weed competition and the maintenance of ground cover. Some species were severely damaged while others seemed to have benefited in relative terms, suggesting that the effectiveness of the product will be dependent on the weed species present.
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来源期刊
Ciencia E Tecnica Vitivinicola
Ciencia E Tecnica Vitivinicola Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
自引率
12.50%
发文量
5
期刊介绍: Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola (Journal of Viticulture and Enology) is an international journal that publishes original articles, research notes and review articles, written in Portuguese or in English, on the various fields of the science and technology of vine and wine: Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural economy.
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