Human capital development as a factor in achieving sustainable development and enterprise competitiveness

The article focuses on the importance of human capital both in the context of the competitiveness of production and in the context of the impact of the level of development of human capital on the environment to achieve sustainable development. The emphasis of the study is on the unique component of human capital - the creative class. The concepts of creative and cognitive human capital are revealed. It has been established that in the countries of the European Union, the development of human capital correlates with a reduction in the negative impact of social activities on the environment. A correlation analysis between R&D costs and greenhouse gas emissions in the EU suggests a more complex picture of the relationship between creative human capital and environmental quality. By developing human capital, stimulating innovation, the housekeeper can thereby minimise the negative impact on the environment.