政治领袖个人魅力的秘密:人格特质如何起作用?

Jūratė Kavaliauskaitė
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引用次数: 3

摘要

政治人格化的文献强调,当政党民主衰落时,个人和私人问题日益突出。人们认为,这些趋势会增强政治家的个人吸引力。然而,党魁个人魅力的秘密是什么呢?政治家的个人特质是大众同情的主要关键吗?本文考察了选民对党魁人格五大特征的认知和个人魅力对选民对党魁亲和力的影响。通过对立陶宛2012年大选前政党领导人的民意调查数据(用“感觉温度计”测量)和民众对领导人人格特质的认知(用一组语义差异测量)的分析,发现人格的重要性在不同的人格维度和不同的政治家之间都是不同的。平易近人是政治领导人性格中最重要、也是最受欢迎的方面,其次是尽责性,这是选举选择的经典预测因素。大五人格的其他维度的重要性要小得多,如果有的话,个人魅力似乎与五个人格维度交织在一起。结果证明,无论政治沟通和(后)现代公民身份的变化如何,大众对道德领导和高绩效的渴望仍然存在。
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The Secret of Political Leaders’ Personal Appeal: (How) Do Personality Traits Matter?
Literature on personalization of politics emphasizes growing salience of individuals and private issues when party democracy is in decline. These trends are believed to strengthen personal appeal of politicians. However, what is the secret of party-leader’s personal appeal? Are politician’s personal traits the major key to popular sympathies? The article examines the impact of voter’s perception of party-leader’s personality along Big Five and personal charm on voter’s affinity for the leader. Analysis of the Lithuanian pre-election survey data (2012) on national party-leaders’ popular appeal, measured with “feeling thermometer”, and popular perception of leaders’ personality traits, measured with a set of semantic differentials, reveals that the significance of personality differs both across personality dimensions and between politicians under consideration. Agreeableness is the most important and universally desirable dimension of a political leader’s personality, followed by conscientiousness, with classic predictors of electoral choice under control. The significance of other personality dimensions of Big Five is much smaller if any, and personal charm seems to be inwrought with the five personality dimensions. The results prove that popular yearning for moral leadership, complemented with high performance, persists regardless of changes in political communication and (post)modern citizenship.
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审稿时长
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