“真实性”实体化中的虚构:苏联编舞如何实体化作品的民间性

I. V. Narskiy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从20世纪30年代末开始的几十年里,苏联新闻媒体对来自苏联中欧地区以及西伯利亚、乌克兰、外高加索和苏联其他地区的专业和主要是业余的民间舞蹈团的报道中,充斥着编舞家在全国范围内的“民族志探险”和他们“向人民学习”舞蹈技术的愿望。为什么编舞资料的“野外采集”在民间业余舞蹈艺术的故事中占有突出地位,值得特别提及?无数关于民间旅行的故事不就是发明的吗?本文将采取后续步骤来回答这些问题。首先,概述了业余舞蹈艺术表演在苏联官方文化中的地位,以及编舞业务在其发展中的专家作用。其次,对笔者质疑苏联编舞家大量“走向民间”故事真实性的原因进行了解释。第三,阐述了苏联舞蹈艺术专家们创作编舞民间传说故事集的动机。因此,本文试图更新苏联民间舞蹈专家对其激情、爱好和专业活动主体的观念逻辑。本文认为,编导对民间来源分析的仪式化故事是佐证苏联编导创作作品“民间根源”的重要论据。结果,在苏联民间舞蹈话语中,关于编舞“走向人民”的故事矛盾地将虚构工具化,以证实“真实性”。
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FICTION IN "AUTHENTICITY" SUBSTANTIATION: HOW THE SOVIET CHOREOGRAPHERS SUBSTANTIATED FOLK CHARACTER OF THEIR WORKS
Over the decades, starting from the late 1930’s, soviet journalistic reportage about professional and mainly amateur folk dance groups from central European regions of the USSR and Siberia, Ukraine, Transcaucasia and other parts of the Soviet Union were full of reports about choreog- raphers’ "ethnographic expeditions" down the country and their desire to "learn from the people" dance technique. Why did "field collection" of the choreographic material hold a prominent place and deserve special mention in the stories about amateur folk dance arts? Weren’t numerous stories about folk trips the invention? In the article subsequent steps are undertaken to answer these questions. Firstly, the place of amateur dance art performance in the official soviet culture and the specialists’ role of choreographic business in its development are out- lined. Secondly, there is an explanation of reasons of author’s doubts in authenticity of soviet choreographers’ numerous stories about "going to the people". Thirdly, the art of dancing soviet experts’ motives, that frequently inspired them to the fictional stories about the collection of choreographic folklore are explained. Therefore, it makes an attempt to renew folk dance soviet specialists’ logic of notion about the subject of their passion, liking and professional activities. In the issue the author comes to the conclusion that ritualized stories about the analysis of folk sources by choreographer-directors were the significant argument in corroboration of "folk roots" of the soviet choreographic creative work. As the result, in the soviet discourse of folk dance the stories about choreographic "going to the people" paradoxically made instrumentalization of fiction in substantiation of "authenticity".
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