Scale to assess quality of working life in university environment by using item response theory

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to validate Ferreira’s (2011) quality of working life (QWL) scale by using item response theory (IRT) and specialists’ knowledge to be applied in higher education institutions (HEIs). Originality/value: The paper advances QWL theoretical knowledge by validating a scale to appraise QWL in this specific context using IRT. The scale can be applied in any HEI. Items can be removed or added to adapt the instrument to each institutions’ particularities and respond to context change over time. Results can assist decision-makers in identifying critical aspects to be improved, guiding them to allocate resources precisely, and assessing the efficiency of interventions. Design/methodology/approach: With a qualitative and quantitative approach, this exploratory study used the data collected from Klein et al.’s research (2019). The IRT model used to analyze the data was the Graded Response Model. Anchored items were identified to allow the interpretation of the levels on the scale. Specialists were consulted to conduct a qualitative analysis so the scale could reveal the institution’s QWL status quo. The scale was applied as a case study in the sample. Findings: The instrument’s internal consistency was confirmed, and the results reveal the scale has high reliability. The scale was classified into six cumulative levels. The parameters found demonstrate that the set of items accurately estimates the entire QWL latent trait. Items related to recognition were the aspects with the highest discrimination parameters proving their importance in distinguishing QWL.