“积极校园”计划对学生身体素质和运动兴趣影响的实验研究

Xizhe Bai, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen
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摘要

中国中小学“活动校园”行动计划的探索已逐渐盛行,但该计划对学生的影响尚未明确。基于此,本研究旨在通过对“活动校园”计划的研究,探索“活动校园”行动计划对学生体质和运动学习兴趣的影响,为“活动校园”计划的实施提供理论支持。本次实验共有164名山东省四年级学生参加,其中实验组80人,对照组84人。采用《小学生体育学习兴趣量表》调查小学生心理健康状况的变化,采用《体质健康测试标准》测量小学生的体质健康水平。该量表和测量工具具有较高的可靠性。同时,采用独立样本T检验,利用spss21.0软件对实验前后的数据进行分析。体质水平方面,实验组与对照组在实验前BMI、50米跑、1分钟跳绳、1分钟仰卧起坐、总体质得分均无显著差异。实验结束后,对照组在运动学习兴趣的肺活量、50米跑、1分钟仰卧起坐、总体能方面存在显著差异,运动参与程度、积极运动学习兴趣、消极运动学习兴趣、自主学习程度、运动学习兴趣总分方面与实验前对照组无显著差异。实验结束后,实验组与对照组在上述各项指标上均有显著差异。研究结果表明,“活动校园”计划能有效提高学生在速度、力量、耐力、柔韧性等方面的体质和健康,能有效提高学生参与体育运动的兴趣和自主学习的能力。由此可见,在中国实施“活动校园”行动计划具有一定的现实意义。
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Experimental Study on the Influence of “Active Campus” Plan on Physical Fitness and Sports Interest
The exploration of “Activity Campus” action plan for elementary and middle schools in China has been gradually prevailed, but the impact of this plan on students has not been clarified. Based on this, this study is to explores the impact of the "Activity Campus" action plan on students' physical fitness and sport learning interest through research in “Activity Campus” plan, and provides theoretical support for implementation of the “Activity Campus” plan. 164 fourth-grade students from Shandong Province participate in this experiment, 80 in the experimental group and 84 in the control group. The Primary School Students’ Sports Learning Interest Scale was used to investigate the changes in students' mental health and the Physical Health Test Standard was used to measure students' physical and health levels. The scale and measurement tools have high reliability. At the same time, using independent sample T test analyze the data before and after experiment by spss21.0. For physical fitness level, no significant difference between experimental group and control group in the BMI, 50-meter run, one-minute skipping rope, one-minute sit-ups, and total physical fitness scores before the experiment. After the experiment, the control group had significant differences in vital capacity, 50-meter running, one-minute sit-ups, and total physical fitness for sports learning interest, also no significant difference between experimental group and control group before experiment among the degree of sports participation, positive interest in sports learning, negative interest in sports learning, degree of autonomous learning, and total score in sports learning interest. After experiment, there were significant differences between experimental group and control group in all of above. The research results show that “Activity Campus” plan can effectively improve students' physical fitness and health in terms of speed, strength, endurance, and flexibility, and can effectively improve students' interest in participating in sports and their ability to learn independently. This shows that implementation of the “Activity Campus” action plan in China has certain practical significance.
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