Feeding Methods for a Circular Shaped Multiband Patch Antenna at 5G, X and Ku Band to Quantify their Effects on Antenna Characteristics

The paper is a comparative analysis of coaxial feed and microstrip line feed for a slotted circular patch microstrip antenna. When various feeding techniques are used to increase impedance matching, the performance of several characteristic parameters, such as voltage standing wave ratio, radiation pattern, gain etc. are impacted. To determine the extent to which these variables are affected, a comparison study is conducted, and the results are provided in this work. With the help of High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) 3D electromagnetic software the antenna is devised and simulated. The intended coaxial feed antenna resonates at 7.5 GHz, 12.5 GHz, and 15 GHz, with bandwidths of 1800, 720, and 360 MHz, respectively, and 5.63 dB as a peak gain. In contrast, the proposed micro-strip feed antenna resonates at 3.5, 7, 12.8, 15, 17.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 180, 450, 90, 1170, 2250 MHz and a peak gain of 6.57 dB. In terms of gain, bandwidth, and multiband characteristics, microstrip line feed has been shown to outperform coaxial probe feed. The antenna designed with dimension of 33.56  33.56 mm 2 . The substrate used for the designing of circular patch microstrip antenna is FR4. The novel features of the designed antenna include its multiband properties and increased bandwidth. The proposed antenna can be utilized efficiently in X, Ku and lower 5G band.