Iterative learning control for consensus of second-order multi-agent systems with interval uncertain topologies

This paper is devoted to the robust consensus tracking problem of second-order nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs) with the interval uncertain topologies. For the second-order MASs including one leader agent and multiple follower agents, a control protocol is proposed by combining the iterative learning control scheme with the sliding mode control method. By analyzing the convergence of sliding mode variables, the consensus conditions including the unknown eigenvalues and the undetermined weight coefficient are obtained. In order to deal with the difficulties of weight coefficient design caused by the unknown eigenvalues of graphs, a min-max optimization problem is formulated based on the fastest convergence of the λ-norm of sliding mode variables, then the optimal weight coefficient is obtained by solving the min-max optimization problem. Moreover, for the undirected and directed interval uncertain graphs, two algorithms about the optimal weight coefficients are proposed, respectively. Finally, three numerical simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.