加勒比角蜥的生态形态

IF 1.1 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Herpetological Monographs Pub Date : 1999-01-01 DOI:10.2307/1467059
Kevin Beuttell, J. Losos
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引用次数: 124

摘要

anole在大安的列斯群岛的每个岛屿上独立进化,产生了一套形态独特的物种,利用不同的微栖息地。岛屿之间的比较表明,在每个岛屿上都进化出了相同的“生态形态”——在形态、生态和行为上相似的远亲物种。尽管在过去的三十年里,人们对变形虫做了大量的研究,但关于变形虫的进化还有很多需要了解的地方。特别是,以前的研究主要集中在肢体比例、尾巴长度、质量和片层数量的外部测量上。我们使用各种技术,更详细地研究了这些人物,并研究了各种各样的其他人物。我们发现,当更详细地检查形态特征时(例如,每个肢体元素被单独处理),生态形态类在形态空间中代表不同的实体。此外,我们还发现,这些生态形态在许多以前没有研究过的特征上存在差异,包括趾垫面积、胸骨盆带尺寸、头部尺寸和尾巴形状。无论我们如何定义体型,这些差异都是明显的,尽管使用体型变量会影响特定性状的比较。这一发现表明,生态形态进化的趋同不仅仅是与栖息地利用和运动直接相关的特征。我们还研究了一些传统上不被认为是任何生态类成员的其他分类群。我们发现,生活在大安的列斯群岛附近小岛上的许多生态形态的后代不再属于他们祖先的生态形态类。许多小安的列斯变色蜥似乎是干冠变色蜥,而其他变色蜥则不属于任何形态类。大安的列斯群岛和变色龙的山地变色龙也不属于任何生态类,但变色龙,可能还有Phenacosaurus,都是小枝变色龙。
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ECOLOGICAL MORPHOLOGY OF CARIBBEAN ANOLES
Anoles have evolved independently on each island in the Greater Antilles, producing a suite of morphologically-distinct species that utilize different microhabitats. Comparisons among islands indicate that the same set of "ecomorphs"-distantly related species that are similar in morphology, ecology, and behavior-has evolved on each island. Despite considerable work on anoles over the past three decades, much remains to be learned about evolution of the ecomorphs. In particular, previous studies have focused on external measurements of gross limb proportions, tail length, mass, and number of lamellae. Using a variety of techniques, we examined these char- acters in greater detail and investigated a wide variety of other characters. We found that the ecomorph classes represent distinct entities in morphological space when morphological characters are examined in greater detail (e.g., each limb element was treated separately). In addition, we found that the ecomorphs differ in a variety of characters not previously examined, including toe pad area, pectoral and pelvic girdle dimensions, head dimensions, and tail shape. These differences were apparent regardless of how we defined body size, although comparisons of particular characters were affected by which body size variable was used. This finding indicates that convergence in ecomorph evolutibn extends beyond traits directly linked to habitat use and locomotion. We also examined a number of other taxa that have not traditionally been considered to be members of any ecomorph class. We found that many descendants of ecomorphs living on small islands near the Greater Antilles no longer belong to the ecomorph class of their ancestor. Many Lesser Antillean anoles appear to ibe trunk-crown anoles, whereas others do not belong to any ecomorph class. Montane anoles of the Greater Antilles and Chamaelinorops also do not belong to any ecomorph class, but Chamaeleolis, and possibly Phenacosaurus, are twig anoles.
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来源期刊
Herpetological Monographs
Herpetological Monographs 生物-动物学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Since 1982, Herpetological Monographs has been dedicated to original research about the biology, diversity, systematics and evolution of amphibians and reptiles. Herpetological Monographs is published annually as a supplement to Herpetologica and contains long research papers, manuscripts and special symposia that synthesize the latest scientific discoveries.
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