野生蜜蜂群落作为城市传粉者的重要性及蜂箱密度的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Journal of Pollination Ecology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.26786/1920-7603(2021)641
Julie A. Weissmann, Iris R. M. Walldorf, H. Schaefer
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引用次数: 4

摘要

虽然城市养蜂业正在增加,但关于野生蜜蜂群落在城市中作为作物传粉者的作用的数据仍然很少。我们分析了巴伐利亚一个蜜蜂密度非常高的城市的苹果、李子、樱桃、梨、黑莓、覆盆子和草莓的野生蜜蜂访问率,蜜蜂密度为每平方公里约19个蜂箱。在137.5小时的观测时间里,我们在所研究的农作物上观察到52种野生蜜蜂。在50 h以上的观察时间内,我们发现野生蜜蜂提供了41%的蜜蜂访问,蜜蜂提供了59%。蜂箱密度对野生蜜蜂丰度有显著的负向影响。大黄蜂似乎比其他蜜蜂群体更能忍受恶劣的天气条件。苹果树周围花的多样性对苹果花上野生蜜蜂物种丰富度影响不显著。总之,我们的研究结果表明,城市地区物种丰富的野生蜜蜂群落对普通水果作物的授粉成功至关重要,特别是在不稳定的春季天气条件下。应优先考虑蜜蜂友好型城市空间管理,以支持野生蜜蜂群落以及城市中蜜蜂数量的增加。
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The importance of wild bee communities as urban pollinators and the influence of honeybee hive density
While urban beekeeping is on the rise, data on the role of wild bee communities as crop pollinators in cities is still scarce. We analysed wild bee visitation rates on apple, plum, cherry, pear, blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry in a Bavarian city with a very high honeybee density of c. 19 hives/km2. During 137.5 hours of observation time, we observed 52 wild bee species on the studied crop plants. During more than 50 h of observation time on fruit trees in flower, we found that wild bees provided 41% of the total bee visits, honeybees the remaining 59%. Honeybee hive density had a significantly negative effect on wild bee abundance. Bumblebees appeared more tolerant to poor weather conditions than all other bee groups. Wild bee species richness on apple flowers was not significantly impacted by flower diversity in the surroundings of the trees. Together, our results suggest that species-rich wild bee communities in urban areas are important for pollination success in common fruit crops, especially under unstable spring weather conditions. Bee-friendly management of urban spaces should be prioritised to support wild bee communities as well as the increasing number of honeybees in cities.
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来源期刊
Journal of Pollination Ecology
Journal of Pollination Ecology Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
17 weeks
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