Use of deep learning to identify optimal meteorological inputs to forecast seasonal precipitation

: Using deep learning to identify meteorological factors has enabled optimal predictions of Thailand’s seasonal pre‐ cipitation two months in advance. A combination of surface temperature and pressure, specific humidity, and wind speed (zonal and meridional components) was tested. Examining each combination of meteorological factor has created optimal input data for seasonal precipitation fore‐ casts. In addition, the hyperparameters of each model were calculated by Bayesian optimization. Predictive model per‐ formance tended to be better when the weight for pressure was higher, while a higher weight for specific humidity reduced predictive performance. Finally, visualization of the positive neuron values in all the coupled layers of the first layer showed that the regions with the highest fre‐ quency of occurrence were the El Niño monitoring areas such as the “Indian Ocean Basin Wide” (IOBW) and “NINO WEST”.