民法研究的演变:与新技术现实的联系

O. Serova
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摘要

引言:数字化在公共生活的许多领域产生了质的变化。民法科学不能置身于这些变化之外。有必要确定科学研究的新方向,包括在相关的知识领域。跨部门研究方法将在研究数字技术对公共关系的影响方面占据关键地位。研究目的:确定民法科学新的专题(学科)领域。这些领域的相关性是由数字技术对经济和社会进程的高度渗透所决定的。方法:一般的科学(辩证)方法,以及特殊的科学认知方法,形式法、比较法、逻辑学等。讨论:在新技术现实的影响下,所有科学和活动领域都发生了研究主题领域的变化。人工智能技术和机器人技术不仅在工程科学、机电一体化等领域得到积极研究,而且也成为哲学、伦理学、医学、语言学和文献学的研究对象。离开这一科学背景,民法领域的研究是不可能的。其他科学领域的代表确定社会风险、威胁和机会,然后以法律监管模式的形式对其进行具体概述。结论:民法科学被纳入新技术现实的学科领域是法律技术化的高社会风险所决定的。长期以来,民法设法在民事流通的需要和保护公民的自然权利之间保持平衡。今天,也有必要在数字技术的发展、减少监管障碍和保护公民权利之间保持平衡,因为公民是数字化进程中受到保护最少的一类参与者。
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EVOLUTION OF CIVIL LAW RESEARCH: LINKING WITH NEW TECHNOLOGICAL REALITY
Introduction: digitalization has generated qualitative changes in many spheres of public life. The science of civil law cannot stay out of these changes. It is necessary to define new directions of scientific research, including in related fields of knowledge. Cross-sectoral research methods will take a key place in the study of the impact of digital technologies on public relations. Purpose of the research: identification of new thematic (subject) areas for the science of civil law. The relevance of these areas is determined by the high degree of penetration of digital technologies into economic and social processes. Methods: general scientific (dialectical) method, as well as such particular scientific methods of cognition, formal legal, comparative legal, logical. Discussion: a change in the subject areas of research under the influence of a new technological reality occurs in all sciences and fields of activity. Artificial intelligence technologies and robotic technology are being actively studied not only at the level of engineering sciences, mechatronics, etc., but also become an object of study in philosophy, ethics, medicine, linguistics and philology. Outside of this scientific context, research in the field of civil law is impossible. Representatives of other scientific areas determine social risks, threats and opportunities, which later take on specific outlines in the form of legal regulation models. Conclusions: the inclusion of the science of civil law in the subject areas of the new technological reality is dictated by the high social risks of technologization of law. For a long time, civil law managed to maintain a balance between the needs of civil circulation and the protection of the natural rights of citizens. Today, it is also necessary to maintain a balance between the development of digital technologies, reducing regulatory barriers and protecting the rights of citizens, as the least protected category of participants in the digitalization process.
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