基于肢体变量的阿根廷三叠纪犬齿兽体重估算

IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY Acta Palaeontologica Polonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.4202/app.00919.2021
F. Filippini, F. Abdala, G. Cassini
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引用次数: 2

摘要

对已灭绝类群的体质量估算是古生物学重建的基础,但对非哺乳动物犬齿动物(NMC)这一种类繁多、数量众多的二叠纪-白垩纪哺乳动物的前身,这方面的研究却很少。在这里,我们通过线性测量和颅后元素(肱骨和股骨)周长的方法,对来自阿根廷门多萨省Ischigualasto-Villa Union盆地以及Cuyo和San Rafael盆地三叠纪单元的14个标本进行了NMC cynognathians 5种动物的体重估算。为此,我们基于不同现存哺乳动物和爬行动物类群的阑尾骨骼变量,使用了文献中可用的预测公式。利用颅骨长度的几何相似度,对只有幼年和亚成年肢骨样本的物种进行了成虫质量的估计。记录了一个很宽的体重范围。小型横齿类如Andescynodon mendozensis和Pascualgnathus polanskii体重在1 ~ 3.5 kg之间。中型横齿兽包括成年Massetognathus pascuali,体重在20 - 40公斤之间,大型犬齿兽如Cynognathus crateronotus和Exaeretodon argentinus的成年体型达到或超过100公斤。在不同的横齿兽之间观察到的头骨形态变化和不同的身体大小被解释为反映了不同的饮食类型,其中小型横齿兽是全食动物,而中型/大型横齿兽是食草动物。最后,提出了关于南美洲非哺乳动物犬齿动物的头骨和牙齿形态、体重及其与饮食可能的关系的古生态学工作假设。它允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制,前提是要注明原作者和来源。
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Body mass estimation in Triassic cynodonts from Argentina based on limb variables
in from based on Body mass estimations for extinct taxa are fundamental in palaeobiological reconstructions, but little work has been done on this topic for non-mammaliaform cynodonts (NMC), the diverse and abundant Permo-Cretaceous forerunners of mammals. Here, we estimated the body mass of five species of NMC cynognathians by linear measurements and circumferences of postcranial elements (humeri and femora) from 14 specimens from Triassic units of the Ischigualasto-Villa Union Basin located between San Juan and La Rioja provinces, and the Cuyo and San Rafael basins, both in Mendoza province, Argentina. For this purpose, we used predictive formulas available in the literature based on variables on appendicular skeleton of different extant groups of mammals and reptiles. Geometric similarity using skull length was applied to provide an estimation of adult masses for species with only samples of juvenile and subadult limb bones. A broad body mass range was recorded. Small traversodontids such as Andescynodon mendozensis and Pascualgnathus polanskii were between 1 to 3.5 kg. Medium-sized traversodontids include adult Massetognathus pascuali with masses from 20 to 40 kg, and the adult forms of large-sized cynognathians like Cynognathus crateronotus and Exaeretodon argentinus reached or surpassed 100 kg. The morphological variations in the skull and the different body sizes observed between traversodontids are interpreted as reflecting different types of diets where small-sized traversodontids had a generalist diet, and the medium/large-sized traversodontids were herbivorous. Finally, palaeoecological working hypotheses regarding cranial and dental morphology, body mass, and their possible relation with diet in non-mammaliaform cynodonts of South America are offered. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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来源期刊
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
5.60%
发文量
36
审稿时长
12.5 months
期刊介绍: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica is an international quarterly journal publishing papers of general interest from all areas of paleontology. Since its founding by Roman Kozłowski in 1956, various currents of modern paleontology have been represented in the contents of the journal, especially those rooted in biologically oriented paleontology, an area he helped establish. In-depth studies of all kinds of fossils, of the mode of life of ancient organisms and structure of their skeletons are welcome, as those offering stratigraphically ordered evidence of evolution. Work on vertebrates and applications of fossil evidence to developmental studies, both ontogeny and astogeny of clonal organisms, have a long tradition in our journal. Evolution of the biosphere and its ecosystems, as inferred from geochemical evidence, has also been the focus of studies published in the journal.
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