医院护士职业倦怠与工作-家庭互动

A. Nowacka, K. Kołodziej, A. Piskorz, R. Wolfshaut
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引用次数: 2

摘要

引言:职业倦怠主要影响那些涉及帮助他人的职业。工作与生活的平衡可以定义为在各个领域实现目标的机会。由于护理的特点和波兰文化中强烈的女性化,护士被期望将情感投入到工作中,同时履行家庭责任。研究目的:本研究旨在分析医院护士职业倦怠与工作家庭互动的关系。材料与方法:本研究对179名医院护士进行诊断性调查。采访者采用自行设计的问卷、Maslach倦怠量表和SWING问卷。结果:调查对象的平均年龄为35.4岁(SD = 10.46)。学士学位是最常见的教育水平(52.5%)。工作场所包括非侵入性(44.1%)和医疗病房(55.9%)。22.3%的护士表示兼职。平均分量表值显示平均情绪耗竭(22.9)、低人格解体(8.1)和低个人成就感(27.63)。情绪耗竭(r = 0.51, p < 0.01)与人格解体(r = 0.32, p = 0.001)呈正相关,工作家庭负相关。人格解体对家庭作业负向关系的影响为正(r = 0.51, p = 0.01),个人成就感对家庭作业负向关系的影响为负(r = -0.28, p = 0.01)。所有倦怠子量表都会影响工作与家庭的互动。积极的家庭作业关系与分析的倦怠维度无显著相关。结论:受访护士情绪衰竭程度高,人格解体程度高,个人成就感低。这些发现证明了工作家庭互动与职业倦怠之间的显著相关性。
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Occupational burnout and work-home interactions in hospital-employed nurses
Introduction: Occupational burnout mainly affects professions that involve helping others. Work-life balance may be defined as an opportunity to reach one’s aims in various spheres. Because of the character of nursing and its strong feminisation in Polish culture, nurses are expected to combine emotional commitment to their job while also fulfilling family duties. Aim of the study: The objective of the study was to analyse the relations between occupational burnout and work-home interactions in hospital-employed nurses. Material and methods: The study was conducted as a diagnostic survey in a group of 179 hospital-employed nurses. The interviewers applied a self-designed questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the SWING questionnaire. Results: The average age of respondents was 35.4 (SD = 10.46) years. Bachelor’s degree was the most common education level (52.5%). Workplaces included non-invasive (44.1%) and medical treatment wards (55.9%). 22.3% of nurses declared extra employment. Average subscale values showed average emotional exhaustion (22.9), low depersonalisation (8.1), and low personal accomplishment (27.63). There was a positive correlation between emotional exhaustion ( r = 0.51, p < 0.01) and depersonalisation ( r = 0.32, p = 0.001) and a negative work-home relation. Moreover, depersonalisation had a positive ( r = 0.51, p = 0.01) and personal accomplishment had a negative ( r = –0.28, p = 0.01) influence on negative home-work relation. All burnout subscales affected work-home interactions. No significant correlation was observed between positive home-work relation and the analysed burnout dimensions. Conclusions: The examined nurses reported high emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and lowered personal accomplishment. These findings prove a significant correlation between work-home interaction and professional burnout.
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