波兰和澳大利亚居民与黑色素瘤预防相关的知识和健康行为

E. Walewska, L. Ścisło, G. Puto, P. Obrzut, A. Gniadek
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摘要

黑色素瘤是一种恶性皮肤肿瘤。其发病率每10年翻一番。越早诊断出来,成功治疗的机会就越大。因此,有必要传播关于黑色素瘤的早期检测和预防的知识。研究目的:评估波兰和澳大利亚选定的居民群体对皮肤癌预防措施的了解程度和程度。材料和方法:研究对象为267人,其中151人生活在波兰,116人生活在澳大利亚。本研究采用诊断调查法进行。研究方法为问卷调查,研究工具为自行设计的问卷。通过统计分析对研究结果进行了检验。结果:研究显示,虽然平均知识水平较好(46.4%),但大多数人群(42.3%)对黑色素瘤预防规则的应用程度仍不理想。观察到,澳大利亚居民在上述两种情况下得分较高(p < 0.001);91.4%的受访者至少对黑色素瘤有满意的了解,78.4%的受访者采取了适当的预防措施,而波兰的这一比例分别为75.5%和41.7%。结论:在大多数情况下,受访者有良好的知识水平,但他们没有遵循黑色素瘤预防规则。澳大利亚人对黑色素瘤有更多的了解,他们也更有可能采取预防措施。
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Knowledge and health behaviours connected with melanoma prevention among people living in Poland and Australia
Introduction: Melanoma is a malignant skin tumour. Its incidence doubles every 10 years. The sooner it is diagnosed, the better the chances for successful treatment. Therefore, the need has arisen to spread knowledge about early detection of melanoma and its prevention. Aim of the study: To assess the knowledge and the extent to which skin cancer preventive measures are followed in selected groups of inhabitants of Poland and Australia. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a group of 267 people, 151 of whom lived in Poland and 116 in Australia. The study was carried out with the application of a diagnostic survey method. The research technique was a survey, and the research tool was a questionnaire designed by the authors. The study findings were examined by means of statistical analysis. Results: The study showed that although the average level of knowledge is good (46.4%), the extent to which the rules of melanoma prevention are applied is still unsatisfactory in the majority of population (42.3%). It was observed that Australian inhabitants had higher scores in both aforementioned cases ( p < 0.001); 91.4% of respondents had at least satisfactory knowledge about melanoma and 78.4% of them took proper preventive measures, whereas in Poland it was 75.5% and 41.7%, respectively. Conclusions: In most cases the respondents have a good level of knowledge, but they do not follow the rules of melanoma prevention. Australians have more knowledge about melanoma, and they are also more likely to take preventive measures.
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