助产士在波兰哺乳护理中的作用

J. Surówka, Magdalena Humaj-Grysztar, Renata Madetko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

母乳完全适应儿童的个人营养需求。世界卫生组织建议,在婴儿满6个月之前,完全自然喂养。助产士在分娩前后为妇女提供哺乳支持。他们出院后在家访期间继续得到照顾。如今,大多数妇女经历母乳喂养困难,表明助产士在哺乳护理中的作用的重要性。助产士在产前护理中的作用是提供有关哺乳生理学的信息,并介绍母乳喂养对母亲和孩子的好处。产前教育的一项重要内容是使孕妇初步做好母乳喂养的准备。助产士在分娩后的作用是确保新生儿和母亲的皮肤接触。他们教正确的方法把婴儿锁在乳房上,并帮助选择一个合适的位置喂养。社区助产士在妇女出院后照顾她们。他们在家庭环境中拜访母亲和婴儿。在家访期间,助产士评估新生儿和母亲的健康状况、新生儿的身体发育和体重增加情况,并提供哺乳支持。助产士的哺乳建议基于以下内容:医学访谈、观察母亲的一般和精神状况、乳房检查、哺乳评估和母乳喂养效率评估。助产士提供哺乳建议,考虑到母亲乳房结构和孩子口腔的解剖条件。
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The midwife’s role in lactation care in Poland
Breast milk is perfectly adapted to the individual nutritional needs of the child. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive natural feeding of infants until they reach 6 months of age. Midwives provide women with lactation support before and after childbirth. Their care continues after discharge from hospital during home visits. Nowadays, most women experience breastfeeding difficulties, indicating the importance of the midwife’s role in lactation care. The role of midwives in antenatal care is to provide information on the physiology of lactation and to present the benefits of breastfeeding for the mother and child. An important element of antenatal education is the initial preparation of the pregnant woman for breastfeeding. The role of midwives after delivery is to ensure skin-to-skin contact of the newborn and its mother. They teach the correct way to latch the baby onto the breast and help to choose a proper position for feeding. The community midwife takes care of the women after discharge from hospital. They visit the mother and the baby in their home environment. During home visits, the midwife assesses the newborn’s and the mother’s health, the newborn’s physical development and weight gain, and provides lactation support. The midwife’s lactation advice is based on the following: medical interview, observation of the mother’s general and mental condition, breast examination, suckling assessment, and evaluation of the breastfeeding efficiency. The midwife provides lactation advice, taking into account the anatomical conditions in the structure of the mother’s breast and the child’s oral cavity.
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