肯尼亚Moi教学和转诊医院疫苗接种后与轮状病毒腹泻相关的因素

Q4 Medicine East African medical journal Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI:10.4314/eamj.v94i9
P. Nyagah, C. Onyambu, N. Kimani, M. Wambugu, A. Aywak
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引用次数: 2

摘要

目的:描述后疫苗时代轮状病毒腹泻的流行及相关因素。设计:横断面研究。单位:莫伊教学转诊医院儿科急诊科。参与者:2岁以下急性腹泻患儿。数据收集到采访者管理的问卷和Certest®快速轮状病毒粪便抗原检测。主要结局指标:社会人口学和临床特征包括:年龄、性别、轮状病毒抗原检测结果、脱水程度和人体测量值。结果:311例急性腹泻患者入组,其中轮状病毒阳性55.6%(173/311)。在双变量分析中,完成常规疫苗接种(p=0.030)、接种两剂轮状病毒疫苗(p=0.005)和营养状况(p=0.009)与轮状病毒检测阳性相关。logistic回归分析:轻度消瘦(OR 2.581;CI 95% 1.068-6.236;p=0.035)和中度消瘦(OR 3.424;可信区间(95% 1.221-9.604;p=0.019)与轮状病毒阳性腹泻相关。接种两次轮状病毒疫苗(OR 0.151;CI 95% 0.032-0.709;p=0.017)和适龄完成常规疫苗接种(OR 0.478;CI 95% 0.256-0.892;p=0.003)具有保护作用。轮状病毒流行高峰出现在旱季。接种一种轮状病毒疫苗、严重营养不良和社会人口特征(如年龄、儿童的主要照顾者、过度拥挤)在统计上没有显著意义。虽然大多数轮状病毒阳性腹泻儿童有非严重脱水(63%,109/173),但这也不显著(OR 1.066;CI 95% 0.6695- 1.699;p=0.786)。结论:本研究区2岁以下儿童轮状病毒腹泻的患病率仍然较高。需要两种轮状病毒疫苗才能获得充分保护。应加强宣传和公共卫生干预,以提高疫苗覆盖率
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Factors associated with rota virus diarrhea in the post vaccine period as seen at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya
Background: Academic dishonesty, or cheating as commonly expressed, is an age-old practice that is widespread across the whole world. The Kenyan experience is anecdotal with limited studies, especially in medical schools. This study shares the experience of medical students about this challenging vice.Objective: To determine the level and forms of academic dishonesty in Moi University, School of Medicine.Design: Cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire.Setting: The School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret-Kenya.Subjects: One hundred and fifty-six students in the clinical (4th, 5th and 6th) years of study.Results: Eighty percent of the students were aware of academic dishonesty, 75% had witnessed it in progress while 60.9% confessed to participating in it. The proportion of dishonest students varied with year of study and those previously exposed to academic dishonesty in secondary school and males were more likely to be involved. A majority (72.6%) of those engaged in academic dishonesty believed that their classmates were also doing it. The leading forms of academic dishonesty were signing nominal rolls for absent friends and cheating in examinations using illegal notes and electronic access to information.Conclusion: Academic dishonesty is prevalent with the majority of those involved believing that their classmates are also into the practice. The leading forms of academic dishonesty include both traditional analog and modern digital methods.
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East African medical journal
East African medical journal Medicine-Medicine (all)
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期刊介绍: The East African Medical Journal is published every month. It is intended for publication of papers on original work and reviews of all aspects of medicine. Communications bearing on clinical and basic research on problems relevant to East Africa and other African countries will receive special attention. Papers submitted for publication are accepted only on the understanding they will not be published elsewhere without the permission of the Editor-in-Chief
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