拉丁美洲的不平等:趋势及其对政策的影响

IF 0.7 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI:10.7866/HPE-RPE.16.4.4
M. Brezzi, L. Mello
{"title":"拉丁美洲的不平等:趋势及其对政策的影响","authors":"M. Brezzi, L. Mello","doi":"10.7866/HPE-RPE.16.4.4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A growing empirical literature has focused on the drivers of the remarkable reduction, albeit from comparatively high levels, in income disparities in the vast majority of Latin American countries since the 1990s. This is unlike most other parts of the world, including the OECD area, where income inequality has actually been rising. This improvement in the distribution of income has contributed to a reduction in the incidence of poverty in the region, although vulnerable groups face the risk of falling back into poverty if the economic environment deteriorates. Structural factors, such as a reduction in skill premia and labour income gains at the lower end of the income distribution, coupled with increased government spending on redistributive programmes, have been the main drivers of the reduction in inequality. Short-term, cyclical factors, including GDP growth and sizeable terms-of-trade gains in the resource-based economies, have played a relatively smaller role. Importantly, inequalities have also narrowed in non-income outcomes, such as educational attainment, the health status of the population and employment, which matter for people’s wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":48669,"journal":{"name":"Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics","volume":"219 1","pages":"93-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Inequalities in Latin America: Trends and implications for Policy\",\"authors\":\"M. Brezzi, L. Mello\",\"doi\":\"10.7866/HPE-RPE.16.4.4\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"A growing empirical literature has focused on the drivers of the remarkable reduction, albeit from comparatively high levels, in income disparities in the vast majority of Latin American countries since the 1990s. This is unlike most other parts of the world, including the OECD area, where income inequality has actually been rising. This improvement in the distribution of income has contributed to a reduction in the incidence of poverty in the region, although vulnerable groups face the risk of falling back into poverty if the economic environment deteriorates. Structural factors, such as a reduction in skill premia and labour income gains at the lower end of the income distribution, coupled with increased government spending on redistributive programmes, have been the main drivers of the reduction in inequality. Short-term, cyclical factors, including GDP growth and sizeable terms-of-trade gains in the resource-based economies, have played a relatively smaller role. Importantly, inequalities have also narrowed in non-income outcomes, such as educational attainment, the health status of the population and employment, which matter for people’s wellbeing.\",\"PeriodicalId\":48669,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics\",\"volume\":\"219 1\",\"pages\":\"93-120\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2016-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"96\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.7866/HPE-RPE.16.4.4\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"经济学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.7866/HPE-RPE.16.4.4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5

摘要

越来越多的实证文献关注的是,自上世纪90年代以来,绝大多数拉美国家的收入差距从相对较高的水平显著缩小的驱动因素。这与世界上大多数其他地区不同,包括经合组织地区,那里的收入不平等实际上一直在加剧。收入分配的这种改善有助于减少该区域的贫穷发生率,尽管如果经济环境恶化,脆弱群体面临重新陷入贫穷的危险。结构性因素,如收入分配低端的技能溢价和劳动收入增长的减少,加上政府在再分配计划上的支出增加,是不平等减少的主要驱动因素。短期的、周期性的因素,包括国内生产总值的增长和资源型经济体的可观的贸易条件的增长,所起的作用相对较小。重要的是,非收入结果方面的不平等现象也有所缩小,例如教育程度、人口健康状况和就业,这些对人民的福祉至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
Inequalities in Latin America: Trends and implications for Policy
A growing empirical literature has focused on the drivers of the remarkable reduction, albeit from comparatively high levels, in income disparities in the vast majority of Latin American countries since the 1990s. This is unlike most other parts of the world, including the OECD area, where income inequality has actually been rising. This improvement in the distribution of income has contributed to a reduction in the incidence of poverty in the region, although vulnerable groups face the risk of falling back into poverty if the economic environment deteriorates. Structural factors, such as a reduction in skill premia and labour income gains at the lower end of the income distribution, coupled with increased government spending on redistributive programmes, have been the main drivers of the reduction in inequality. Short-term, cyclical factors, including GDP growth and sizeable terms-of-trade gains in the resource-based economies, have played a relatively smaller role. Importantly, inequalities have also narrowed in non-income outcomes, such as educational attainment, the health status of the population and employment, which matter for people’s wellbeing.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics
Hacienda Publica Espanola-Review of Public Economics Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Finance
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
14.30%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: Hacienda Pública Española/Review of Public Economics welcomes submissions on all areas of public economics. We seek to publish original and innovative research, applied and theoretical, related to the economic analysis of Government intervention. For example, but not exclusively: Taxation, Redistribution, Health, Education, Pensions, Governance, Fiscal Policy and Fiscal Federalism. In addition to regular submissions, the journal welcomes submissions of: -Survey Reviews, containing surveys of the literature regarding issues of interest in the Public Economics field; -Policy oriented reviews, showing the current contributions of Public Economics in relation to relevant contemporary issues affecting public decision-makers in the real world (Policy Watch); -Comments of previously published articles. Contributions to this section should be limited to a maximum of 2 000 words (12 pages). If deemed adequate, the authors of the commented article will be given the opportunity to react in a Reply. Both Comment and Reply will be published together. Articles for the Survey Reviews and Policy Watch section are subject to the same double blind reviwing procedure. The adequacy of Comments submitted for publication will be evaluated by the Executive Editors.
期刊最新文献
The Relationship between Public Expenditure and Private Investment in Developed and Developing Economies: Policy Implications Based on the Difference The Case for Uniform Commodity Taxation: A Tax Reform Approach Real Estate in a Post-Pandemic World: How Can Policies Make Housing More Enviromentally Sustainable and Affordable? Centrality and Capital Costs in Urban Areas: Policy Watch for Spain Did the Euro Really Increase Corruption in the Eurozone? A Counterfactual Analysis
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1