曼瑟尔的回忆:一个学生的回忆

Q3 Social Sciences Decyzje Pub Date : 2015-12-15 DOI:10.7206/DEC.1733-0092.54
Keith L. Dougherty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

曼瑟尔是一个快乐而好奇的人,他对大局有深刻的见解,技术上的细节永远不会使他偏离轨道。《集体行动的逻辑》和《国家的兴衰》就是这样。他们提出了大胆的主张,激励研究人员走得更远。例如,《集体行动的逻辑》为搭便车问题提供了新的见解,并提出了许多引人注目的关于群体行为的假设,这些假设是研究人员几十年来试图证实、反驳或完善的,包括关于群体规模和群体成功之间关系的主张,小参与者对大参与者的剥削,以及群体形成中选择性激励的重要性。《国家的兴衰》认为,利益集团最终会发现寻租是有利可图的,这将通过制度僵化挤压经济。此后,比较政治学家和经济学家发现了支持他的观点的案例,以及用其他假设更好地解释的案例。这两本书都写得很好,以至于我仍然一遍又一遍地读它们,只是为了思考我该如何组织自己的想法或写出一个好的结论。奥尔森将经济方法论应用于传统上属于政治科学领域的学科,帮助政治科学摆脱了20世纪中期的窠臼,后者在思想史上花费了太多时间,并经常假设个人会为他们的集体利益而努力。通过将经济学方法应用于政治,政治学家可以提出自己的有效主张,并更清晰地将其应用于可以检验的案例。通过这种方式,曼瑟尔成为了一场运动的一部分,这场运动帮助社会科学更加科学地发展。我对曼瑟尔有三件最深刻的记忆。首先是他令人难以置信的站立思考能力。在20世纪90年代中期的某一年,农业与资源经济系邀请Amartya Sen在校园里演讲。为
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Memories of Mancur : a Student Reminisces
Mancur was a happy and inquisitive person who had insights about big pictures that technicalities could never derail. The Logic of Collective Action and The Rise and Decline of Nations were certainly like that. They made bold claims that motivated researchers to go further. For example, The Logic of Collective Action provided new insights into the free-rider problem and a number of eye-catching hypotheses about group behavior that researchers tried to confirm, refute, or refine for decades, including claims about the relationship between group size and group success, the exploitation of larger actors by smaller ones, and the importance of selective incentives in group formation. The Rise and Decline of Nations argued that interest groups will eventually find rent seeking profitable, which will squeeze an economy through institutional sclerosis. Comparative political scientists and economists have since discovered cases supporting his claim, as well as cases better explained by alternative hypotheses. Both books were so well written that I still read them again and again just to think about how I might organize my own thoughts or write a good conclusion. Olson’s application of economic methodology to subjects that were traditionally in the realm of political science helped break political science out of its mid-twentieth-century rut, which spent too much time on the history of ideas and often assumed individuals would work towards their collective interests. By applying economic methodology to politics, political scientists could create valid assertions of their own and more cleanly apply them to cases that could be tested. In this way, Mancur became part of a movement that helped the social sciences proceed more scientifically. I have three memories of Mancur that stand above the rest. The first was his incredible ability to think on his feet. One year, in the mid-1990s, the Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics invited Amartya Sen to speak on campus. For
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Decyzje
Decyzje Social Sciences-Law
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审稿时长
12 weeks
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