国家优先事项和需求:整笔拨款的作用。

IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Public Health Reports Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-04 DOI:10.1177/00333549231205338
Casey P Balio, Stephanie M Mathis, Margaret M Francisco, Michael Meit, Kate E Beatty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标:整笔拨款为各州提供联邦财政支持,并在如何在社区层面分配这些资金方面增加灵活性。在州一级,整笔拨款的金额和分配通常基于过时的公式,这些公式在创建时考虑了人口指标和资金环境。我们描述了5个联邦整笔拨款项目的州级资金分配的变化,以及资金与州人口当前需求的一致程度。方法:我们在2022年对所有50个州2015-2019年的州整体拨款分配情况进行了分析。我们为每个项目提供了州整体拨款分配的描述性统计数据和多元回归模型。模型包括跨项目相关的基本特征,以及基于项目特定目标和州人口需求的补充特征。结果:2015-2019年,按项目划分,每1000人的平均州整笔拨款从618美元到21528美元不等。与州拨款相关的特征因整笔拨款而异。例如,生活在非大都市地区的人口比例每增加1%,预防性健康和卫生服务整笔拨款约高出每1000人7美元,社区服务整笔赠款约高出约每1000人40美元。很少有补充特征与分配相关。结论:目前的整笔拨款不符合各州的特点和需求。未来的研究应考虑如何在州一级使用资金或将资金分配给地方机构或组织,并将州整体拨款与其他类型的资助机制(如分类资助)进行比较。
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State Priorities and Needs: The Role of Block Grants.

Objectives: Block grant funding provides federal financial support to states, with increased flexibility as to how those funds can be allocated at the community level. At the state level, block grant amounts and distributions are often based on outdated formulas that consider population measures and funding environments at the time of their creation. We describe variation in state-level funding allocations for 5 federal block grant programs and the extent to which funding aligns with the current needs of state populations.

Methods: We conducted an analysis in 2022 of state block grant allocations as a function of state-level characteristics for 2015-2019 for all 50 states. We provide descriptive statistics of state block grant allocations and multivariate regression models for each program. Models include base characteristics relevant across programs plus supplemental characteristics based on program-specific goals and state population needs.

Results: Mean state block grant allocations per 1000 population by program ranged from $618 to $21 528 during 2015-2019. Characteristics associated with state allocations varied across block grants. For example, for every 1-percentage-point increase in the percentage of the population living in nonmetropolitan areas, Preventive Health and Health Services Block Grant funding was approximately $7 per 1000 population higher and Community Services Block Grant funding was approximately $40 per 1000 population higher. Few supplemental characteristics were associated with allocations.

Conclusions: Current block grant funding does not align with state characteristics and needs. Future research should consider how funds are used at the state level or allocated to local agencies or organizations and compare state block grant allocations with other types of funding mechanisms, such as categorical funding.

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来源期刊
Public Health Reports
Public Health Reports 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
6.10%
发文量
164
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Public Health Reports is the official journal of the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Public Health Service and has been published since 1878. It is published bimonthly, plus supplement issues, through an official agreement with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The journal is peer-reviewed and publishes original research and commentaries in the areas of public health practice and methodology, original research, public health law, and public health schools and teaching. Issues contain regular commentaries by the U.S. Surgeon General and executives of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health. The journal focuses upon such topics as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, health disparities, and many other key and emerging public health issues. In addition to the six regular issues, PHR produces supplemental issues approximately 2-5 times per year which focus on specific topics that are of particular interest to our readership. The journal''s contributors are on the front line of public health and they present their work in a readable and accessible format.
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