如何在19世纪建立一门科学学科:在里斯本理工学院寻求动物学的自主权(1837-1862)。

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Science in Context Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI:10.1017/S0269889723000169
Daniel Gamito-Marques
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文通过对19世纪动物学案例的分析,探讨了科学学科自主的条件。19世纪高等教育中知识的专业化及其制度化是动物学等科学学科自主的重要过程。文章认为,只有在特定群体动员社会和政治权力,为一门学科获得适当的概念、物理和制度空间后,自治才会产生。里斯本理工学院是一所高等教育机构,创建于1837年,位于葡萄牙。该案例表明,动物学的自主性可能在该学科的专家群体整合之前产生,这可能是该学科在其他国家的共同特点。
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How to build a scientific discipline in the nineteenth century: In search of autonomy for zoology at the Lisbon Polytechnic School (1837-1862).

This article discusses the conditions that lead to the autonomy of scientific disciplines by analyzing the case of zoology in the nineteenth century. The specialization of knowledge and its institutionalization in higher education in the nineteenth century were important processes for the autonomy of scientific disciplines, such as zoology. The article argues that autonomy only arises after social and political power is mobilized by specific groups to acquire appropriate conceptual, physical, and institutional spaces for a discipline. This is illustrated through the case study of the Lisbon Polytechnic School, a higher education establishment that was created in 1837, in Portugal. The case shows that autonomy in zoology can arise before the consolidation of a community of experts in the discipline, which may have been a common feature of the discipline in other countries.

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来源期刊
Science in Context
Science in Context 综合性期刊-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Science in Context is an international journal edited at The Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas, Tel Aviv University, with the support of the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute. It is devoted to the study of the sciences from the points of view of comparative epistemology and historical sociology of scientific knowledge. The journal is committed to an interdisciplinary approach to the study of science and its cultural development - it does not segregate considerations drawn from history, philosophy and sociology. Controversies within scientific knowledge and debates about methodology are presented in their contexts.
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