澳大利亚新冠肺炎背景下的伦理与健康安全:批判性解释性文献综述。

IF 1.8 3区 哲学 Q2 ETHICS Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI:10.1007/s11673-023-10255-6
Anson Fehross, Kari Pahlman, Diego S Silva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景“健康安全”的概念经常被用来激励公共卫生反应,但支撑这一概念的伦理价值观在很大程度上仍未得到检验。澳大利亚最近对新冠肺炎的反应是一个重要的案例研究,通过该研究,我们可以分析先前存在的文献,以了解道德价值观塑造并继续塑造澳大利亚的反应。方法我们对关键数据库中的学术文献和灰色文献进行了批判性解释性文献综述,共有2220个来源。在筛选重复和相关性后,我们分析了96个来源。结果首先,风险和不确定性是主要关注点,重点关注生命和健康风险。其次,人们一再强调自由行动、安全和保障,尽管只是狭隘地关注人口的安全。第三,合法性是一个反复出现的主题,正是在这里,关于“卫生安全”的讨论占据了重要地位。结论政府和相关官方机构对伤害的讨论未能充分区分各种伤害感。此外,尽管文献中经常讨论权利的平衡,但对衡量这些权利所涉及的步骤很少有充分的解释和辩护。我们建议决策者应努力明确识别和捍卫支撑其公共领域决策的价值观。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Ethics and Health Security in the Australian COVID-19 Context: A Critical Interpretive Literature Review.

Background The concept of "health security" is often used to motivate public health responses, yet the ethical values that underpin this concept remain largely unexamined. The recent Australian responses to COVID-19 serve as an important case study by which we can analyse the pre-existing literature to see what ethical values shaped, and continue to shape, Australia's response. Methods We conducted a critical interpretive literature review of academic and grey literatures within key databases, resulting in 2,220 sources. After screening for duplicates and relevance, we analysed ninety-six sources. Results First, risk and uncertainty are a leading focus, with a heavy concentration on risks to life and health. Second, free movement, safety, and security were recurringly emphasized, albeit narrowly focused upon the safety of the population. Third, legitimacy was a recurring theme, and it is here that discussions of "health security" figured highly. Conclusion Discussions of harm from government and associated official bodies fail to adequately distinguish between various senses of harm. Moreover, while the literature often discusses the balancing of rights, the steps involved in the weighing of these rights is rarely adequately explained and defended. We suggest that decision-makers should endeavour to clearly identify and defend the values undergirding their decisions in the public sphere.

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来源期刊
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 医学-医学:伦理
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
67
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The JBI welcomes both reports of empirical research and articles that increase theoretical understanding of medicine and health care, the health professions and the biological sciences. The JBI is also open to critical reflections on medicine and conventional bioethics, the nature of health, illness and disability, the sources of ethics, the nature of ethical communities, and possible implications of new developments in science and technology for social and cultural life and human identity. We welcome contributions from perspectives that are less commonly published in existing journals in the field and reports of empirical research studies using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The JBI accepts contributions from authors working in or across disciplines including – but not limited to – the following: -philosophy- bioethics- economics- social theory- law- public health and epidemiology- anthropology- psychology- feminism- gay and lesbian studies- linguistics and discourse analysis- cultural studies- disability studies- history- literature and literary studies- environmental sciences- theology and religious studies
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