Social Activity Restriction and Psychological Health Among Caregivers of Older Adults With and Without Dementia.

Objectives: We examined associations between social activity restriction and psychological distress and well-being for caregivers of older adults with and without dementia, and if the identified associations are different for the two groups.

Methods: Using data from the 2017 National Study of Caregiving, we identified caregivers of older adults with (N = 541) and without (N = 1701) dementia. Linear regression models were estimated, adjusting for caregivers' age, gender, race, education, relationship to care recipient, and self-rated health.

Results: Restriction in visiting friends and family and attending religious services were associated with higher distress in dementia caregivers. Restriction in visiting friends and family was associated with higher distress and lower well-being in non-dementia caregivers. Any activity restriction had stronger association with distress for caregivers of older adults with versus without dementia.

Discussion: Findings highlight the need for tailored interventions based on caregivers' perceptions of meaningful social activities and dementia-friendly communities to promote social participation.